Modulator ya LiNbO3 (mach-zehnder modulator) ikoreshwa cyane muri sisitemu yo gutumanaho yihuta cyane, itumanaho rya laser na sisitemu ya ROF kubera ingaruka nziza za electro-optique. Urukurikirane rwa R-AM rushingiye ku miterere ya MZ no gushushanya X, rufite imiterere ihamye y’umubiri n’imiti, ishobora gukoreshwa haba mu bushakashatsi bwa laboratoire no muri sisitemu y’inganda.