Ibipimo by'ibanze bya sisitemu ya laser

Ibipimo by'ibanze byasisitemu ya laser

Mu nzego nyinshi zikoreshwa nko gutunganya ibikoresho, kubaga hakoreshejwe laser no kumenya kure, nubwo hari ubwoko bwinshi bwa sisitemu za laser, akenshi zisangiye ibipimo bimwe na bimwe by'ingenzi. Gushyiraho sisitemu y'amagambo y'ibipimo bihuriweho bishobora gufasha kwirinda urujijo mu mivugire no gutuma abakoresha bahitamo kandi bagashyiraho sisitemu za laser neza, bityo bagahura n'ibikenewe mu bihe runaka.

Ibipimo by'ibanze

Uburebure bw'umuraba (ibipimo bisanzwe: nm kugeza μm)

Uburebure bw'umuraba bugaragaza imiterere y'imiraba y'urumuri isohoka na lazeri mu kirere. Uburyo butandukanye bwo kuyikoresha bufite ibisabwa bitandukanye ku murambararo w'umuraba: Mu gutunganya ibikoresho, igipimo cyo kwinjiza ibikoresho ku murambararo runaka kiratandukanye, ibyo bizagira ingaruka ku ngaruka zo kuyitunganya. Mu gukoresha uburyo bwo kureba kure, hari itandukaniro mu kwinjiza no kwivanga kw'umurambararo w'umuraba utandukanye n'ikirere. Mu buvuzi, kwinjiza kwa lazeri n'abantu bafite amabara atandukanye y'uruhu nabyo biratandukanye bitewe n'umurambararo w'umuraba. Bitewe n'ahantu hato ho kwibanda, lazeri ngufi naibikoresho bya laser optiquebifite akarusho mu gukora ibintu bito kandi byumvikana neza, bigatuma habaho ubushyuhe buke cyane. Ariko, ugereranyije na laser zifite uburebure bw'umurambararo, akenshi zirahenze cyane kandi zishobora kwangirika cyane.

2. Ingufu n'ingufu (Ibice bisanzwe: W cyangwa J)

Ingufu za laser ubusanzwe zipimirwa muri watts (W) kandi zikoreshwa mu gupima umusaruro wa laser zihoraho cyangwa imbaraga mpuzandengo za laser zikoreshwa. Kuri laser zikoreshwa, ingufu z'ingufu imwe zijyanye neza n'imbaraga mpuzandengo kandi zijyanye n'inshuro zisubiramo, aho igice ari joule (J). Uko imbaraga cyangwa ingufu ziba nyinshi, uko ikiguzi cya laser gikunze kuba kinini, niko ibisabwa mu gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe birushaho kuba byinshi, kandi ingorane zo kugumana ubwiza bwiza bw'imirasire nazo ziyongera uko bikwiye.

Ingufu z'ingufu = igipimo cy'ingufu zisubiramo Ingufu z'ingufu = igipimo cy'ingufu zisubiramo

3. Igihe umuvuduko w'amaraso uhagarara (Ibice bisanzwe kuva kuri :fs kugeza kuri ms)

Igihe umuvuduko wa laser, uzwi kandi nka pulse width, muri rusange usobanurwa nk'igihe bifata kugira ngolaserimbaraga zo kuzamuka kugeza kuri kimwe cya kabiri cy'agasongero kayo (FWHM) (Ishusho ya 1). Ubugari bw'imitsi ya laser yihuta cyane ni bugufi cyane, ubusanzwe buva kuri picoseconds (amasegonda 10⁻¹²) kugeza kuri attoseconds (amasegonda 10⁻¹⁸).

4. Igipimo cyo gusubiramo (Ibice bisanzwe :Hz kugeza MHZ)

Igipimo cyo gusubiramo kwalaser ikoresha pulse(ni ukuvuga inshuro yo gusubiramo impumuro) isobanura umubare w'impumuro zisohoka ku isegonda, ni ukuvuga uburyo impumuro ihindagurika (Time pulse interval) ishyirwa mu byiciro (Ishusho ya 1). Nkuko byavuzwe mbere, igipimo cyo gusubiramo gihuye n'ingufu z'impumuro kandi gihuye neza n'imbaraga mpuzandengo. Nubwo igipimo cyo gusubiramo gikunze guterwa n'uburyo bwo gukura kwa laser, mu bihe byinshi, igipimo cyo gusubiramo gishobora gutandukana. Uko igipimo cyo gusubiramo kiri hejuru, ni ko igihe cyo kuruhuka ubushyuhe bw'ubuso bw'ikintu cya laser optique n'ahantu ha nyuma ho kwibanda, bityo bigatuma ibikoresho bishyuha vuba.

5. Uburebure bw'ubuhuza (Ibipimo bisanzwe: mm kugeza cm)

Lazeri ifite ubwumvikane, bivuze ko hari isano idahinduka hagati y’agaciro k’amashanyarazi mu bihe bitandukanye cyangwa mu myanya itandukanye. Ibi biterwa nuko lazeri ikorwa n’ibyuka bishyushye, bitandukanye n’ibindi bintu byinshi by’urumuri. Mu gihe cyose cyo gukwirakwiza, ubwumvikane buragabanuka buhoro buhoro, kandi uburebure bw’ubwumvikane bwa lazeri bugena intera aho ubwumvikane bwayo bugumana uburemere runaka.

6. Polarization

Polarization igena icyerekezo cy'amashanyarazi y'imiraba y'urumuri, ihora igororotse ku cyerekezo cyo gukwirakwira. Kenshi na kenshi, lasers ziba zifite polarised linearly, bivuze ko amashanyarazi asohoka ahora yerekeza mu cyerekezo kimwe. Umucyo utari polarised utanga amashanyarazi yerekeza mu byerekezo byinshi bitandukanye. Urugero rwa polarization rukunze kugaragazwa nk'igipimo cy'imbaraga z'urumuri za states ebyiri za orthogonal polarization, nka 100: 1 cyangwa 500: 1.