Ibipimo fatizo bya sisitemu ya laser

Ibipimo fatizo byaSisitemu

Mubice byinshi byokoreshwa nko gutunganya ibikoresho, kubaga laser hamwe no kwiyumvisha kure, nubwo hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwa sisitemu ya laser, akenshi basangira ibice bimwe byingenzi. Gushiraho ibipimo bihuriweho na sisitemu ya terminologiya birashobora gufasha kwirinda kwitiranya imvugo no gufasha abakoresha guhitamo no kugena sisitemu ya laser hamwe nibigize neza, bityo bikuzuza ibikenewe muburyo bwihariye.

Ibipimo fatizo

Uburebure bwumurongo (ibice bisanzwe: nm kugeza μm)

Uburebure bwumurongo bugaragaza inshuro ziranga imiraba yumucyo itangwa na laser mumwanya. Uburyo butandukanye bwo gukoresha ibintu bifite ibisabwa bitandukanye kuburebure bwumurongo: Mugutunganya ibikoresho, igipimo cyo kwinjiza ibikoresho kuburebure bwihariye burahinduka, bizagira ingaruka kubikorwa byo gutunganya. Muri kure ya sensing ya porogaramu, hariho itandukaniro mukwinjira no kwivanga kwuburebure butandukanye bwikirere. Mubikorwa byubuvuzi, kwinjiza lazeri kubantu bafite amabara atandukanye yuruhu nabyo biratandukana bitewe nuburebure bwumuraba. Bitewe na bito byibandwaho cyane, bigufi-uburebure bwa laseri naibikoresho bya optiquegira akarusho mukurema ibintu bito kandi byuzuye, kubyara ubushyuhe buke cyane. Nyamara, ugereranije na laseri ifite uburebure burebure, mubisanzwe birahenze kandi bikunda kwangirika.

2. Imbaraga nimbaraga (Ibice bisanzwe: W cyangwa J)

Ububasha bwa Laser busanzwe bupimwa muri watts (W) kandi bukoreshwa mugupima ibisohoka bya lazeri zihoraho cyangwa impuzandengo yimbaraga za pulseri. Kuri laseri ya pulsed, imbaraga za pulse imwe ihwanye neza nimbaraga zisanzwe kandi ihwanye ninshuro zisubiramo, hamwe nigice ari joule (J). Iyo imbaraga cyangwa ingufu nyinshi, niko ikiguzi cya lazeri gikunze kuba kinini, niko bisabwa kugirango ubushyuhe bugabanuke, kandi ingorane zo gukomeza ubuziranenge bwiza nabwo bwiyongera bikwiranye.

Ingufu zingufu = igipimo cyimbaraga zisubiramo Ingufu zingufu = igipimo cyo gusubiramo imbaraga

3. Igihe impiswi yamara (Ibice bisanzwe: fs kugeza ms)

Ikiringo cya laser pulse, kizwi kandi nkubugari bwa pulse, mubisanzwe bisobanurwa nkigihe bifata kurilaserimbaraga zo kuzamuka kugera kuri kimwe cya kabiri cyimpinga (FWHM) (Ishusho 1). Ubugari bwa pulse ya ultrafast laseri ni ngufi cyane, mubisanzwe kuva kuri picosekondi (amasegonda 10⁻¹²) kugeza kuri attoseconds (amasegonda 10⁻¹⁸).

4. Igipimo cyo gusubiramo (Ibice bisanzwe: Hz kugeza MHZ)

Igipimo cyo gusubiramo alaser. Nkuko byavuzwe haruguru, igipimo cyo gusubiramo kiringaniye ningufu za pulse kandi kigereranywa nimbaraga zisanzwe. Nubwo igipimo cyo gusubiramo gikunze guterwa na laser yunguka hagati, mubihe byinshi, igipimo cyo gusubiramo kirashobora gutandukana. Iyo igipimo cyo gusubiramo kiri hejuru, igihe kigufi cyo kuruhuka ubushyuhe bwubuso bwa laser optique nibintu byanyuma byibanze, bityo bigatuma ibikoresho bishyuha vuba.

5. Uburebure bwa coherence (Ibice bisanzwe: mm kugeza cm)

Lazeri ifite coherence, bivuze ko hari isano ihamye hagati yicyiciro cyagaciro cyumuriro wamashanyarazi mubihe bitandukanye cyangwa imyanya. Ibi ni ukubera ko lazeri iterwa no gusohora imyuka, itandukanye nubundi bwoko bwinshi bwumucyo. Mugihe cyose cyo gukwirakwiza, guhuza bigenda bigabanuka buhoro buhoro, kandi uburebure bwa coherence ya lazeri busobanura intera ihuriro ryigihe gito ikomeza misa runaka.

6. Kuba polarisiyasi

Polarisiyasi isobanura icyerekezo cyumuriro wamashanyarazi wumucyo wumucyo, uhora utandukanijwe nicyerekezo cyo gukwirakwizwa. Mu bihe byinshi, laseri iba ifite umurongo umwe, bivuze ko amashanyarazi yasohotse buri gihe yerekeza mucyerekezo kimwe. Itara ridafite polarize ritanga amashanyarazi yerekana ibyerekezo byinshi bitandukanye. Urwego rwa polarisiyasi rusanzwe rugaragazwa nkikigereranyo cyimbaraga za optique ya leta ebyiri za orthogonal polarisation, nka 100: 1 cyangwa 500: 1.