Ishuri Rikuru ry'Ubumenyi Xcels rirateganya kubaka 600pw lasers

Vuba aha, ikigo cya fiziki gisaba isomo ryubumenyi bwikirusiya cyashyizeho ikigo cya Exawatt cyo kwiga urumuri rukabije (Xcels), gahunda yubushakashatsi kubikoresho binini bya siyansi bishingiye cyaneAmashanyarazi maremare. Umushinga urimo kubaka neza cyaneImbaraga nyinshiHashingiwe ku masezerano ya Optique ya Pleemetric Technoration Technovication muri potasium nini ya aperturium thephate (DKDP, hamwe na kristu yateganijwe muri 600 pw pessique. Uyu murimo utanga ibisobanuro byingenzi nubushakashatsi bwerekeye umushinga wa Xcels hamwe na sisitemu ya laser, isobanura ibyifuzo nibibazo bishobora bijyanye nimikoranire ya ultra-ikomeye.

Gahunda ya Xcels yasabwe muri 2011 nintego yambere yo kugera kubushobozi bwa peaklaserIbisohoka bya PW 200 PW, kuri ubu byazamuwe kugeza kuri 600 pw. YayoSisitemu ya Laseryishingikiriza ku ikoranabuhanga ritatu:
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Icyiciro cya ultra-faff Facting gihuye cyane muri kirisiti nyinshi kandi gikoreshwa muri OPCPA FEMTOSECond. Dkdp Crystal ikoreshwa kuko niyo ibintu byonyine biboneka mubikorwa bishobora guhingwa kugeza kuri santimetero icumi za aperture kandi icyarimwe zifite imico yemewe yo gushyigikira Imbaraga za Ext-PWlasers. Biboneka ko igihe dkdp Crystal yashyizwe kumurongo wikubye kabiri wa nd glaser, niba umuyoboro wa pulrie wakoronye ni 910 nm, ingingo eshatu zambere zo kwagura umuraba wa Taylor

Igishushanyo 1 nigishushanyo cya scheut ya sisitemu ya xcels laser. Impera yimbere yakozwe na Femtosecond Pulmase Iherezo ry'imbere kandi ryemeza ko guhuza iyi mpipongo kimwe n'ibipimo bisabwa na bisabwa. Umuhemu Opcpa ukorera mu gipimo cyo gusubiramo (1 HZ) yongera impimbano ya chine kuri joules (2 ku gishushanyo 1). Pulse yongerewe na booster opcpa mu kimera kimwe cya kilojoule imwe hanyuma igabanyijemo ibice 12 bisa (4 ku ishusho 1). Mu mpingamubiri ya nyuma ya 12, buri mucyo wambaye imyenda 12 yakonja, 5 ku gishushanyo cya 1) hanyuma bitwarwe n'ibishushanyo 12 bya compression (GC bya 6 ku gishushanyo 1). Porogaramu ya Acousto-optique itana iyungurura ikoreshwa kumpera yimbere kugirango igenzure neza igenzura ryitsinda ryagabanijwe kandi rike, kugirango ubone ubugari buto bushoboka. Imyifatire ya Pulse ifite imiterere ya supermauss ya 12-itunganijwe, hamwe na karwidth ya specthi kuri 1% byagaciro ntarengwa ni 150 nm, bihuye na kaburimbo enye zahinduwe ubugari bwa 17 F. Urebye indishyi zituzuye zituzuye kandi ingorane zicyifuzo cya Nonlinesa muri Amplifiers, ubugari bwateganijwe ni 20 FS.

Xcels Laser izakoresha imiyoboro ibiri 8-2M Neodymium ikirahure cya laser inshuro ebyiri zagabanutseho kabiri. Imiyoboro itatu isigaye izakoreshwa nka nanosecond kilojoule yavumbuyeAmasoko ya Laserku bundi bushakashatsi. Kugarukira ku gice cya Optique ya DKDP ya DKDP, ubukana bwa Irrailation ya Pumpled Pumpled yashyizwe kuri 1.5 GW / CM2 kuri buri muyoboro kandi igihe kimara 3.5 ns.

Buri muyoboro wa xcels laser itanga Pulses hamwe nimbaraga za 50 pw. Imiyoboro yose ya 12 itanga umusaruro wose wa PW 600 pw. Mu cyumba nyamukuru, ubukana ntarengwa bwibanze kuri buri muyoboro mubihe byiza ni 0.44 × 1025 w / cm2, tekereza ko F / 1 yibanda kubintu bya F / 1 bikoreshwa mukwibanda. Niba impiboro ya buri muyoboro uhagaritswe na 2.6 fs kubuhanga bwa nyuma, ibisohoka bihuye na 20 pw, bihuye numucyo wa 2.0 × 1025 w / cm2.

Kugirango ugere kumucyo mwinshi, kuri 600 PW, urumuri rwinshi munzira 12 zizibanda muri geonetrie yimirasire ya dipole, nkuko bigaragara mu gishushanyo cya 2 × 1025 w / cm2. Niba buri cyiciro cya buri cyiciro gifunze kandi gihujwe, ubukana bwumucyo bwo kubyara buziyongera kuri 3.2 × 1026 w / cm2. Usibye icyumba kinini cyintego, umushinga wa Xcels urimo laboratoire 10 zikoresha, buriwese yakira imwe cyangwa nyinshi kubushakashatsi. Ukoresheje uyu murima ukomeye cyane, umushinga wa xcels urateganya gukora ubushakashatsi mu byiciro bine: Quanim electrodynamics itunganya mu murima wa laser ukomeye; Umusaruro no kwihutisha ibice; Igisekuru cyamagorori ya kabiri ya electromagnetic; Laboratoire Astrophysics, ingufu nyinshi zubucucike bwingufu nubushakashatsi bwo gusuzuma.

Igishushanyo 2 Kwibanda kuri Geometrie mucyumba nyamukuru. Kubumvikane, indorerwamo ya parabolike ya 6 yashyizwe mubikorwa, kandi kwinjiza no gusohoka ibiti byerekana imiyoboro ibiri gusa 1 na 7

Igishushanyo cya 3 cyerekana imiterere ya buri giciro cya buri gice gikora sisitemu ya xcels laser muburyo bwo kugerageza. Amashanyarazi, icyunamo cya vacuum, gutunganya amazi, kweza no guhumeka neza biherereye mu nsi. Agace k'ubwubatsi ni 24,000 M2. Kunywa amashanyarazi yose ni MW 7.5. Inyubako yubushakashatsi igizwe na rusange muri rusange hamwe nigice cyo hanze, buriwese yubatswe ku rufatiro ebyiri za decoupled. Vruuum hamwe na sisitemu yo guterwa na vibration yashyizwe ku rufatiro ruvanze - isomba, kugirango amplitude yongerewe kuri sisitemu ya laser binyuze muri fondasiyo n'inkunga bigabanuka kugera ku ya 10-10 G2 / HZ mu rwego rwa 1-200 HZ. Byongeye kandi, umuyoboro wibimenyetso bya geodesic bishyirwaho mubwami bwa laser kugirango ukurikirane gahunda yubutaka nibikoresho.

Umushinga wa Xcels ugamije gukora ikigo kinini cyubushakashatsi gishingiye kumafaranga yisumbuye cyane. Umuyoboro umwe wa sisitemu ya Xcels urashobora gutanga urumuri rwibanze inshuro nyinshi kurenza 1024 w / cm2, ishobora kurushaho gukabije kuri 1025 w / cm2 hamwe nikoranabuhanga rya nyuma. Na dipole-yibanda ku miyoboro 12 muri sisitemu ya laser muri sisitemu ya laser, ubukana hafi ya 1026 w / cm2 birashobora kugerwaho no gufunga no gufunga. Niba icyiciro gihuzaga hagati yimiyoboro gifunze, ubukana bworoshye buzaba inshuro nyinshi. Gukoresha aya majwi-gusohora Pulse Plunsiction hamwe numuyoboro mwinshi wa Xcels XCEL uzashobora gukora ubushakashatsi bukabije, gukwirakwiza umurima woroshye, hamwe no gusuzuma imikoranire yoroheje, hamwe no gusuzuma imikoranire yumuyoboro mwinshi hamwe nimirasire ya kabiri. Ibi bizagira uruhare rudasanzwe mubikorwa bya super-ikomeye ya electronagnetic Fields fiziki.