Microwave Optoelectronics, nkuko izina ryerekana, ni ihuriro rya microwave kandiOpTtoelectronics. Microwave n'umuhengeri mucyo ni imiraba ya electromagnetic, kandi inshuro nyinshi ni amategeko menshi yubunini butandukanye, nibigize ibikoresho nikoranabuhanga byatejwe imbere mumirima yabo biratandukanye cyane. Guhuza, turashobora kwifashisha, ariko turashobora kubona porogaramu nshya nibiranga bigoye kubimenya.
Itumanaho ryizani urugero rwiza rwo guhuza microwasi na fotosilectronts. Terefone kare na telegraph idafite umugozi, igisekuru, gukwirakwiza no kwakira ibimenyetso, byose byakoreshejwe ibikoresho bya microwave. Imirongo mike ya elecromagnetic imiraba ikoreshwa mu ntangiriro kuko intera ya metero ni nto kandi ifite ubushobozi bwo kwanduza ni buto. Igisubizo nukwongera inshuro yikimenyetso cyatandujwe, hejuru yinshuro, umutungo wa strike. Ariko ibimenyetso byinshi inshuro nyinshi mu gihoro cyo kwamamaza ikirere ni kinini, ariko nabyoroshye guhagarikwa n'inzitizi. Niba umugozi ukoreshwa, gutakaza umugozi ni kinini, kandi urwandiko rurerure nikibazo. Kugaragara kwa fibre ya fibre ni igisubizo cyiza kuri ibyo bibazo.FibreIfite igihombo gito cyane kandi ni umwikorezi mwiza wo kohereza ibimenyetso hejuru yintera ndende. Urutonde rwinshi rwumucyo ruruta uw'umubiri wa microwave kandi rushobora kohereza inzira nyinshi zitandukanye icyarimwe. Kubera izo nyungu zaGukwirakwiza Optique, itumanaho rya fibre nziza ryabaye umugongo wanduye amakuru yuyu munsi.
Itumanaho ryiza rifite amateka maremare, ubushakashatsi no gusaba ni byinshi kandi bikuze, dore kutavuga byinshi. Uru rupapuro rutangiza ahanini ibikorwa bishya byubushakashatsi bwa microwave Optoepronics mumyaka yashize usibye itumanaho ryiza. Microwave Optoelectronics ikoresha ahanini uburyo nuburyo bwikoranabuhanga mu murima wa Optoelectronics nkabatwara kunoza no kugera ku mikorere no gusaba ibintu bya elegitoroniki gakondo. Dukurikije uko porogaramu isaba, ahanini harimo ibintu bitatu bikurikira.
Iya mbere ni ugukoresha Optoelectronics kugirango itange amasoko yo hejuru, ibimenyetso byimitsi yo hasi, kuva kuri X-bande kugeza ku itsinda rya Thz.
Icya kabiri, Microwave yerekana ibimenyetso. Harimo gutinda, kuyungurura, guhinduka inshuro nyinshi, kwakira nibindi.
Icya gatatu, kohereza ibimenyetso bya Analog.
Muri iki kiganiro, umwanditsi atangiza igice cya mbere, igisekuru cyikimenyetso cya microwave. Gakondo Microwave Milimeter Umuhengeri wakozwe ahanini na iII_V microeletronic ibice. Imipaka yacyo ifite ingingo zikurikira: Icya mbere, kugirango duce dusanzwe nka 100ghz hejuru, microelectronics zirashobora kubyara imbaraga nkeya kandi nkeya, kurugero rwo hejuru thz, ntacyo bashobora gukora. Icya kabiri, kugirango ugabanye urusaku rwicyiciro kandi utezimbere ihuriro ryinshi, igikoresho cyumwimerere kigomba gushyirwa mubushyuhe buke cyane. Icya gatatu, biragoye kugera kumurongo munini wimpinduka zihindura. Gukemura ibyo bibazo, tekinoroji ya Optoelectronic irashobora kugira uruhare. Uburyo nyamukuru bwasobanuwe hano hepfo.
1. Binyuze mu itandukaniro inshuro ebyiri Ibimenyetso bibiri bya laser
Igishushanyo 1. Igishushanyo cya Schematic cya Micwave cyatanzwe nitandukaniro inshuro ebyirilasers.
Ibyiza byubu buryo bworoshye, birashobora kubyara uruganda rurerure rwinshi kandi rwa Thz ibimenyetso bya laser birashobora gukora inshuro nyinshi guhinduka byihuse guhinduka, gusuzugura inshuro nyinshi. Ingaruka ni uko urusaku rwicyiciro cyangwa icyiciro cyimyitwarire yerekana ibimenyetso bibiri bya laser, kandi harakaba hakoreshejwe urwego ruke, cyane cyane niba urwego runini rwa laser ariko rukoreshwa (~ mhz). Niba sisitemu yububiko bwibisabwa ntabwo ari hejuru, urashobora gukoresha urusaku ruto (~ khz) ahinnye-lasers,fibre lasers, cavity yo hanzeSemiconductor lasers.
2. Kugirango ukemure ikibazo aba laser bombi muburyo bwabanjirije ibintu bihuye nibyingenzi byimpande zombi bifunga uburyo bwo gufunga icyiciro cyo gufunga icyiciro cyo gufunga icyiciro. Igishushanyo cya 2 cyerekana porogaramu isanzwe ifunga kugirango ikore microwave ishoboye (Ishusho 2). Mugutera kwiyongera muburyo bwo hejuru bwibimenyetso bigezweho muri semiconductor larselator, cyangwa ukoresheje modutor ya liducator, ibimenyetso byinshi bya optique byimibare itandukanye hamwe nindangamiro ingana, cyangwa optique ya optique. Birumvikana ko uburyo busanzwe bwakoreshejwe kugirango bubone uburyo bwa optique yamazaki ni ugukoresha laser ifunze laser. Ibimenyetso bibiri byamazi mumaguru yabyaye byateganijwe no kuyungurura no guteranya muri Laser 1 na 2 kugirango tumenye inshuro inshuro nyinshi. Kuberako icyiciro kiri hagati yibimenyetso bitandukanye byikimamarano bya optique birahagaze neza, kugirango icyiciro cyabashakanye gihagaze neza, hanyuma nuburyo bukoreshwa muburyo bwo gutandukanya amakuru ya optique.
Igishushanyo cya 2. Igishushanyo cya Schematike cya Microwave inshuro nyinshi ibimenyetso byatewe no gufunga inshuro nyinshi.
Ubundi buryo bwo kugabanya urusaku rwa mwene wabo rwa laser bombi ni ugukoresha ibitekerezo bibi plique pll, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 3.
Igishushanyo cya 3. Igishushanyo cya Schematic kuri Opl.
Ihame rya phereque PLL rirasa niyari pll murwego rwa elegitoroniki. Itandukaniro ryicyiciro cyanyuma rya laser yahinduwe mumashanyarazi na Pucedetetector (bihwanye na Plawave Enter Inkomoko ya Porowave, hanyuma agarukane hanyuma agarukanwa kugenzurwa na microwave, ni ko inshinge zaho). Binyuze mubitekerezo bibi bigenzura loop, icyiciro ugereranije hagati yibimenyetso bibiri bya laser bifunze kubitabo bya microwave. Ikimenyetso cya Optique gihuriweho gishobora gutangwa binyuze muri fibre optique kugeza kumafoto ahandi kandi ahindurwa mubimenyetso bya microwave. Urusaku rwavuyemo ibimenyetso bya microwave byerekana kimwe nikimenyetso cyerekana mumaseti yimitwe yicyiciro kibisi gifunze. Urusaku rwicyiciro hanze yumurongo uhwanye nicyiciro cyagereranijwe cyabanyeshuri bambere batajyanye.
Byongeye kandi, ibisobanuro bya microwave ibimenyetso byerekana kandi birashobora guhinduka kubindi bimenyetso binyuramo kabiri, imiyoboro yo kugabanya imirongo, kugirango hashobore kuba nyinshi, cyangwa ngo ihindurwe hejuru yimbuga nyinshi.
Ugereranije no gufunga inshuro nyinshi birashobora kubona inshuro nyinshi kabiri, imigezi yimyambarire irahinduka, irashobora kubyara inshuro nyinshi kubitagereranywa, kandi birumvikana cyane. Kurugero, ibimamara bya optique byakozwe na modulator ya Phosefectricing mumibare ya 2 ikoreshwa nkinkomoko yibyoroshye, nkuko bigaragara ku bimenyetso bibiri bya optique, hanyuma bikaba byerekana ibimenyetso bibiri byateganijwe, hamwe nimboga ya microwave. N * frep + F1 + F2 irashobora kubyara itandukaniro inshuro ziri hagati ya laser.
Igishushanyo cya 4. Igishushanyo cya Schematic cyo kubyara inshuro zibizigama ukoresheje optique optique ibimamara na piki.
3. Koresha mode-ifunze pulse laser kugirango uhindure ibimenyetso bya optique muri microwave ibimenyetsoPhotodetetector.
Inyungu nyamukuru yubu buryo nicyo kimenyetso gifite umutekano mwiza cyane kandi urusaku rwo hasi cyane rushobora kuboneka. Mugufunga inshuro za laser kuri anose ihamye cyane na moleculand ihamye neza, kandi ikoreshwa ryibimenyetso byo kwigunga hamwe nindi mico ihamye hamwe nimirongo ya microwave hamwe nimisatsi ya ultra-hasi. Ishusho 5.
Igishushanyo cya 5. Kugereranya ibyiciro ugereranije byisoko zitandukanye.
Ariko, kubera ko igipimo cyo gusubiramo ibintu bidahuye nuburebure bwa choser, hamwe na laser ya laser, biragoye kubona ibimenyetso byinshi microwave ibimenyetso. Byongeye kandi, ingano, uburemere ningufu zahimbwe gakondo gakondo, kimwe nibisabwa ibidukikije bikaze, gabanya porogaramu yabo ya laboratoire. Kugira ngo utsinde izo ngorane, ubushakashatsi buherutse gutangira muri Amerika n'Ubudage akoresheje ingaruka zidahwitse kugira ngo bashobore guteranya igihe gito cyane.
4. Opto electronic oscillator, ishusho ya 6.
Igishushanyo cya 6. Igishushanyo cya Schematic cya Phofeterictric coupled oscillator.
Bumwe muburyo gakondo bwo kubyara microwave cyangwa lasers ni ugukoresha ibitekerezo byafunze loop, igihe cyose inyungu mumurongo ufunze uruta igihombo, oSUCHROROLALY irashobora kubyara miniropave cyangwa lasers. Isumbabyorono ntarengwa Q yumurongo ufunze, ntoya yicyiciro cyakozwe cyangwa urusaku rwinshi. Kugirango wongere ikintu cyiza cyumuzingo, inzira itaziguye nukugabanya uburebure bwa loop hanyuma ukureho igihombo cyamamaza. Ariko, ikirango kirekire gishobora gushyigikira igisekuru cyinshi cya oscacition, kandi niba akayunguruzo ka kato wongeyeho, inshuro imwe-urusaku rwinshi-urusaku rwa microwave oscacition ibimenyetso bishobora kuboneka. PhofeteriLotric Coupd Oscillator nisoko ya microwave yerekana ibiranga ipamba, irimo gukoresha fibre nkeya ikwirakwizwa, kugirango ukoreshe fibre ndende kugirango utezimbere q agaciro. Kubera ko uburyo bwatanzwe mu myaka ya za 90, ubu bwoko bwa OSCIllator yakiriye ubushakashatsi bwinshi kandi afite iterambere rinini, kandi ubu hari ibitero bya mapursoctic. Vuba aha, osingiclector ya Phosoferkelic inshuro zirashobora guhinduka mugihe kinini. Ikibazo nyamukuru cyikimenyetso cya microwave kigizwe nubwubatsi nuko umuzingo ari muremure, kandi urusaku rwihuta rwubusa (FSR) kandi inshuro ebyiri zizayongereye cyane. Byongeye kandi, ibice bya mafotolectric bikoreshwa ni byinshi, ikiguzi ni kinini, ingano iragoye kugabana, kandi fibre ndende irumva imvururu zishingiye ku bidukikije.
Ibi byavuzwe haruguru bitangiza uburyo bwinshi bwafotora-ibimenyetso bya microwave, kimwe nibyiza byabo nibibi. Hanyuma, ikoreshwa rya mafoto ya Phoselectrons kugirango ukore microwave ifite izindi nyungu zirashobora gukwirakwizwa muri fibre nkeya, hanyuma ugabanye ibimenyetso bike kuri buri gihombo cyagenda neza cyane kibangamiye cyane ibice gakondo.
Inyandiko yiyi ngingo ahanini ireba ahanini, kandi ihujwe nubunararibonye bwubushakashatsi nubunararibonye muriki gice, hari ibitagenda neza, nyamuneka ndumva.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jan-03-2024