Igishushanyo mbonera cya fotonike

Igishushanyo cyaPhotonicumuzenguruko

Inzira ya Photonic.PICikorwa mugushushanya ibice byinshi (mubisanzwe 10 kugeza 30) kuri wafer, igizwe nimiterere myinshi ya polygonal, akenshi igaragara muburyo bwa GDSII. Mbere yo kohereza dosiye kubakora Photomask, birakenewe cyane ko dushobora kwigana PIC kugirango tumenye neza niba igishushanyo mbonera. Kwigana kugabanijwemo ibyiciro byinshi: urwego rwo hasi ni urwego rwibice bitatu bya elegitoroniki ya elegitoroniki (EM), aho kwigana bikorwa kurwego rwo munsi yumurambararo, nubwo imikoranire hagati ya atome mubikoresho ikorerwa murwego rwa macroscopique. Uburyo busanzwe burimo ibice bitatu-byuzuye bitandukanya-Igihe-indangarubuga (3D FDTD) no kwagura eigenmode (EME). Ubu buryo nukuri, ariko ntibushoboka mugihe cyose cyo kwigana PIC. Urwego rukurikiraho ni urugero rwa 2,5-rwigana EM, nko gukwirakwiza urumuri rutandukanye (FD-BPM). Ubu buryo bwihuta cyane, ariko butange ubunyangamugayo kandi bushobora gukemura gusa paraxial kandi ntibushobora gukoreshwa mu kwigana resonator, kurugero. Urwego rukurikiraho ni 2D EM kwigana, nka 2D FDTD na 2D BPM. Ibi nabyo birihuta, ariko bifite imikorere mike, nkibidashobora kwigana polarisiyasi. Urundi rwego ni ugukwirakwiza no / cyangwa gutatanya matrix kwigana. Buri kintu cyingenzi kigabanywa kubintu bifite ibyinjijwe nibisohoka, kandi umurongo uhuza umurongo ugabanuka kugeza ku cyiciro cyo guhinduranya hamwe na attenuation element. Ibigereranyo birihuta cyane. Ibisohoka bisohoka biboneka mugwiza matrix yoherejwe nikimenyetso cyo kwinjiza. Gukwirakwiza matrix (ibintu byitwa S-parameter) bigwiza ibyinjira nibisohoka kuruhande rumwe kugirango ubone ibyinjira nibisohoka kurundi ruhande rwibigize. Mubusanzwe, gutatanya matrix ikubiyemo kwigaragaza imbere mubintu. Matrix ikwirakwiza mubisanzwe ikubye kabiri matrike yo kohereza muri buri gipimo. Muncamake, kuva 3D EM kugeza kohereza / gukwirakwiza matrix kwigana, buri cyiciro cyo kwigana cyerekana ubucuruzi hagati yumuvuduko nukuri, kandi abashushanya bahitamo urwego rukwiye rwo kwigana kubyo bakeneye kugirango bahindure inzira yo kwemeza.

Ariko, kwishingikiriza kuri electronique ya magnetiki yibintu bimwe na bimwe no gukoresha matrix yo gutatanya / kwimura kugirango bigane PIC yose ntabwo byemeza igishushanyo mbonera neza imbere yicyapa. Kurugero, kubara inzira ndende, uburebure bwa multimode yananiwe guhagarika neza uburyo bwo murwego rwohejuru, cyangwa ibyerekezo bibiri byegeranye cyane biganisha kubibazo bitunguranye bitunguranye birashoboka ko bitamenyekana mugihe cyo kwigana. Kubwibyo, nubwo ibikoresho byigana byambere bitanga ubushobozi bukomeye bwo kwemeza, biracyasaba urwego rwo hejuru rwo kuba maso no kugenzura neza nuwabishizeho, hamwe nuburambe bufatika hamwe nubumenyi bwa tekiniki, kugirango harebwe niba igishushanyo mbonera cyizewe kandi kigabanye ingaruka za urupapuro rutemba.

Tekinike yitwa FDTD idasanzwe yemerera kwigana 3D na 2D FDTD bigakorwa muburyo butaziguye kuri PIC yuzuye kugirango yemeze igishushanyo. Nubwo bigoye kubikoresho byose byo kwigana amashanyarazi bigereranya urugero runini rwa PIC, gake FDTD irashobora kwigana ahantu hanini cyane. Muri gakondo ya 3D FDTD, kwigana bitangirana no gutangiza ibice bitandatu bigize amashanyarazi ya magnetiki mubunini bwihariye. Igihe kigenda gitera imbere, ibice bishya bigize umurima ubarwa, nibindi. Buri ntambwe isaba kubara byinshi, bisaba rero igihe kirekire. Muri 3D FDTD idakunze kubaho, aho kubara kuri buri ntambwe kuri buri ngingo yubunini, urutonde rwibigize umurima rurakomeza rushobora guhuzwa nubunini bunini uko bishakiye kandi rukabarwa kuri ibyo bice gusa. Kuri buri gihe cyintambwe, ingingo zegeranye nibice byumurima byongeweho, mugihe ibice byumurima munsi yimbaraga runaka byamanutse. Kubintu bimwe, iyi mibare irashobora kuba ordre nyinshi yubunini bwihuse kuruta 3D FDTD gakondo. Nyamara, gake FDTDS ntabwo ikora neza mugihe ikorana nuburyo butatanye kuko iki gihe umurima ukwirakwira cyane, bikavamo urutonde rurerure kandi rugoye gucunga. Igishushanyo 1 kirerekana urugero rwerekana amashusho ya 3D FDTD isa na polarisiyasi yamashanyarazi (PBS).

Igishushanyo 1: Kwigana ibisubizo biva kuri 3D gake FDTD. (A) ni hejuru yo kureba imiterere yigana, ikaba ihuza icyerekezo. (B) Yerekana ishusho ya simulation ukoresheje kwasi-TE. Igishushanyo cyibiri hejuru cyerekana hejuru hejuru yikimenyetso cya quasi-TE na quasi-TM, naho ibishushanyo bibiri hepfo byerekana icyerekezo gihuye. (C) Yerekana ishusho yikigereranyo ukoresheje kwasi-TM.