Iterambere n'uko isoko rya laser ishobora guhindurwa Igice cya kabiri

Iterambere n'uko isoko rya laser ishobora guhindurwa (Igice cya kabiri)

Ihame ry'imikorere ryalaser ihindurwa

Hari amahame agera kuri atatu yo kugera ku ihinduka ry'uburebure bwa laser.laser zishobora guhindurwakoresha ibintu bikora bifite imirongo migari ya fluorescent. Resonators zigize laser zifite igihombo gito cyane gusa ku rugero ruto cyane rw'uburebure bw'umuraba. Kubwibyo, icya mbere ni uguhindura uburebure bw'umuraba wa laser uhindura uburebure bw'umuraba bujyanye n'agace gake k'igihombo cya resonator hakoreshejwe bimwe mu bintu (nk'urukuta). Icya kabiri ni uguhindura urwego rw'ingufu z'impinduka za laser uhindura ibipimo bimwe na bimwe byo hanze (nk'imbaraga za rukuruzi, ubushyuhe, nibindi). Icya gatatu ni ugukoresha ingaruka zitari umurongo kugira ngo ugere ku mpinduka no gukosora uburebure bw'umuraba (reba optique idahuje umurongo, gukwirakwiza kwa Raman, gukuba inshuro ebyiri z'urumuri, oscillation ya parametric y'urumuri). Laser zisanzwe zigize uburyo bwa mbere bwo gukosora ni laser za dye, laser za chrysoberyl, laser zo hagati y'amabara, laser za gaze zikoresha umuvuduko mwinshi hamwe na laser za excimer zishobora guhindurwa.

Ukurikije ikoranabuhanga ryo gukoresha laser rishobora guhindurwa, ahanini rigabanyijemo ibice bikurikira: ikoranabuhanga ryo kugenzura ubushyuhe, ikoranabuhanga ryo kugenzura ubushyuhe n'ikoranabuhanga ryo kugenzura ikoranabuhanga rya mekanike.
Muri byo, ikoranabuhanga ryo kugenzura ikoranabuhanga ni uguhindura uburebure bw'umurambararo w'urumuri hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa NS, umuvuduko wo guhindura uburebure bw'umurambararo, ariko imbaraga nke zo gutanga umusaruro, bishingiye ku ikoranabuhanga ryo kugenzura ikoranabuhanga cyane cyane SG-DBR (sampling grating DBR) na laser ya GCSR (assiliary grating directional coupling backward-sampling reflection). Ikoranabuhanga ryo kugenzura ubushyuhe rihindura uburebure bw'umurambararo w'urumuri rwa laser binyuze mu guhindura index refractive y'agace ka laser. Ikoranabuhanga ni ryoroshye, ariko rigenda buhoro, kandi rishobora guhindurwa hakoreshejwe umurambararo muto wa nm nke gusa. Iby'ingenzi bishingiye ku ikoranabuhanga ryo kugenzura ubushyuhe niLazeri ya DFB(ibitekerezo bikwirakwizwa) na laser ya DBR (Reflection ya Bragg ikwirakwizwa). Igenzura rya mekanike rishingiye ahanini ku ikoranabuhanga rya MEMS (system ya micro-electro-mechanical) kugira ngo irangize guhitamo uburebure bw'umurambararo, hamwe n'umurambararo munini ushobora guhinduka, imbaraga nyinshi zo gutanga umusaruro. Imiterere y'ingenzi ishingiye ku ikoranabuhanga ryo kugenzura mekanike ni DFB (ibitekerezo bikwirakwizwa), ECL (laser yo hanze) na VCSEL (laser isohora ubuso buhagaze). Ibi bikurikira bisobanurwa muri izi ngingo z'ihame rya laser zishobora guhindurwa.

Porogaramu y'itumanaho ry'urumuri

Laser ishobora gukoreshwa ni igikoresho cy'ingenzi cya optoelectronic mu gisekuru gishya cya sisitemu yo gukwirakwiza ubunini bw'uburebure n'ubushyuhe bwa fotoni mu muyoboro wose w'amatara. Ikoreshwa ryayo ryongera cyane ubushobozi, ubwiyongere n'ubushobozi bwo kwaguka kwa sisitemu yo kohereza fibre y'urumuri, kandi yagezeho uburyo bwo gutunganya buri gihe cyangwa busanzwe mu rugero runini rw'ubunini bw'uburebure.
Ibigo n'ibigo by'ubushakashatsi hirya no hino ku isi birimo guteza imbere ubushakashatsi n'iterambere rya laser zishobora guhinduka, kandi iterambere rishya rikomeje guterwa muri uru rwego. Imikorere ya laser zishobora guhinduka ihora irushaho kuba myiza kandi ikiguzi kigabanuka buri gihe. Kuri ubu, laser zishobora guhinduka zigabanyijemo ibice bibiri: laser zishobora guhinduka za semiconductor na fiber laser zishobora guhinduka.
Leza ya semiconductorni isoko y'urumuri y'ingenzi muri sisitemu y'itumanaho ry'amajwi, ifite imiterere y'ingano nto, uburemere bworoheje, ubushobozi bwo guhindura ibintu mu buryo buhanitse, kuzigama ingufu, nibindi, kandi byoroshye kugera ku guhuza chip imwe na optoelectronic n'ibindi bikoresho. Ishobora kugabanywamo laser ishobora guhindurwamo ibitekerezo, laser ya Bragg mirror, laser ya micromotor system vertical cavity surface emit laser na laser ya semiconductor yo hanze.
Iterambere rya laser ya fibre ishobora guhindurwa nk'uburyo bwo gukuraho umusaruro ndetse n'iterambere rya diode ya laser ya semiconductor nk'isoko y'ipompo byateje imbere cyane iterambere rya laser ya fibre. Laser ishobora guhindurwa ishingiye ku muvuduko wa 80nm wo gukuraho umusaruro wa fibre, kandi ikintu cyo kuyungurura cyongerwa ku muyoboro kugira ngo kigenzure uburebure bw'umuvuduko bugenda bushira no gukora ubuziranenge bw'umuvuduko.
Iterambere rya laser semiconductor ikoreshwa mu gusimbuza rikora cyane ku isi, kandi iterambere ririhuta cyane. Uko laser zikoreshwa mu gusimbuza buhoro buhoro zigenda zegereza lasers zifite uburebure bw’umurambararo mu bijyanye n’igiciro n’imikorere, nta kabuza zizakoreshwa cyane muri sisitemu z’itumanaho kandi zigire uruhare runini mu miyoboro y’amajwi yose izaza.

Iterambere ry'iterambere
Hari ubwoko bwinshi bwa lasers zishobora guhindurwa, muri rusange zikorwa binyuze mu kongera gushyiraho uburyo bwo gukosora uburebure bw'umuraba hashingiwe kuri lasers zitandukanye z'uburebure bw'umuraba umwe, kandi hari ibicuruzwa byatanzwe ku isoko mpuzamahanga. Uretse iterambere rya lasers zishobora guhindurwa zihoraho, lasers zishobora guhindurwa zifite indi mirimo ihuriweho nabyo byagaragaye, nka laser ishobora guhindurwa ihujwe na chip imwe ya VCSEL na modulator y'amashanyarazi, na laser ihujwe na Bragg reflector ikoresha icyitegererezo hamwe na amplifier y'amashanyarazi ya semiconductor hamwe na modulator y'amashanyarazi yo gukurura.
Kubera ko laser ishobora guhindurwa mu bunini bw'uburebure ikoreshwa cyane, laser ishobora guhindurwa mu nyubako zitandukanye ishobora gukoreshwa kuri sisitemu zitandukanye, kandi buri imwe ifite ibyiza n'ibibi. Laser ya semiconductor yo hanze ishobora gukoreshwa nk'isoko y'urumuri rushobora guhindurwa mu bikoresho byo gupima neza kubera imbaraga zayo nyinshi hamwe n'uburebure bwayo buhoraho bwo guhindurwa. Ukurikije uburyo bwo guhuza fotoni no guhura n'umuyoboro w'amatara yose mu gihe kizaza, DBR yo gushushanya ingero, DBR yo gushushanya ifite imiterere ya superstructure na laser zishobora guhindurwa zihujwe na modulators na amplifiers zishobora kuba isoko y'urumuri ishobora guhindurwa kuri Z.
Laser ishobora guhindurwa ikoresheje fibre grating ifite umwobo wo hanze nayo ni ubwoko bw'urumuri rwiza, rufite imiterere yoroshye, ubugari bw'umurongo muto n'uburyo bworoshye bwo guhuza fibre. Iyo modulator ya EA ishobora gushyirwa mu mwobo, ishobora no gukoreshwa nk'isoko y'amashanyarazi ya soliton yihuta cyane. Byongeye kandi, laser zishobora guhindurwa zishingiye kuri fibre laser zateye imbere cyane mu myaka ya vuba aha. Bishoboka ko imikorere ya laser zishobora guhindurwa mu mucyo w'itumanaho ry'amatara izarushaho kunozwa, kandi isoko rizagenda ryiyongera buhoro buhoro, hamwe n'amahirwe meza yo gukoreshwa.