Hejuru ya firime yoroheje lithium niobate electro-optic modulator

Umurongo muremureamashanyarazi ya optiquena porogaramu ya microwave
Hamwe nibisabwa byiyongera kuri sisitemu yitumanaho, kugirango turusheho kunoza uburyo bwo kohereza ibimenyetso, abantu bazahuza fotone na electron kugirango bagere ku nyungu zuzuzanya, kandi fotonike ya microwave izavuka. Moderi ya electro-optique irakenewe kugirango amashanyarazi ahindurwesisitemu ya microwave, kandi iyi ntambwe yingenzi isanzwe igena imikorere ya sisitemu yose. Kuva ihinduka rya radiyo yumurongo wa optique kuri optique ni inzira yerekana ibimenyetso, kandi bisanzweamashanyarazi ya optiquebafite umwihariko udafite umurongo, hariho ibimenyetso bikomeye byo kugoreka inzira yo guhinduka. Kugirango ugere kumurongo ugereranije ugereranije, aho imikorere ya modulator isanzwe ikorerwa kuri orthogonal bias point, ariko ntishobora guhura nibisabwa na microwave Photon ihuza umurongo wa modulator. Modulator ya electro-optique ifite umurongo muremure irakenewe byihutirwa.

Ihuta ryihuta ryerekana ibintu bya silicon mubisanzwe bigerwaho ningaruka zitwara plasma yubusa (FCD). Ingaruka zombi za FCD hamwe na PN ihuza moduline ntabwo ari umurongo, bigatuma moderi ya silicon itagereranya umurongo ugereranije na moderi ya lithium niobate. Ibikoresho bya Litiyumu niobate byerekana ibyizaamashanyarazi ya optiqueimitungo bitewe ningaruka zabo za Pucker. Muri icyo gihe, ibikoresho bya lithium niobate bifite ibyiza byo kwaguka kwinshi, ibintu byiza biranga modulasiyo, gutakaza bike, guhuza byoroshye no guhuza inzira ya semiconductor, gukoresha firime yoroheje ya lithium niobate kugirango ikore moderi ikora cyane ya electro-optique, ugereranije na silicon hafi nta "isahani ngufi", ariko kandi kugirango ugere kumurongo muremure. Filime ntoya ya lithium niobate (LNOI) modulator ya electro-optique kuri insulator yabaye icyerekezo cyiza cyiterambere. Hamwe niterambere rya firime yoroheje ya lithium niobate tekinoroji yo gutegura ibikoresho hamwe na tekinoroji yo gutondeka ya waveguide, uburyo bwiza bwo guhindura no guhuza byinshi bya firime yoroheje lithium niobate electro-optic modulator byahindutse urwego rwamasomo mpuzamahanga ninganda.

Ibiranga firime yoroheje lithium niobate
Muri Reta zunzubumwe zamerika DAP AR igenamigambi ryakoze isuzuma rikurikira ryibikoresho bya lithium niobate: niba ikigo cya revolution ya elegitoronike cyitiriwe ibikoresho bya silicon ituma bishoboka, noneho aho yavukiye impinduramatwara ya fotonike birashoboka ko izitwa lithium niobate . Ni ukubera ko lithium niobate ihuza ingaruka za electro-optique, ingaruka za acousto-optique, ingaruka za piezoelectric, ingaruka za termoelektrike ningaruka zifotora muri imwe, kimwe nibikoresho bya silikoni mubijyanye na optique.

Kubijyanye no gukwirakwiza optique, ibikoresho bya InP bifite igihombo kinini kuri chip yoherejwe bitewe no kwinjiza urumuri mumurongo ukunze gukoreshwa 1550nm. SiO2 na nitride ya silicon bifite ibimenyetso byiza byo kohereza, kandi igihombo gishobora kugera kurwego rwa ~ 0.01dB / cm; Kugeza ubu, gutakaza umurongo wa firime ya lithium niobate waveguide irashobora kugera kurwego rwa 0.03dB / cm, kandi gutakaza lithium ya lithium niobate waveguide ifite ubushobozi bwo kurushaho kugabanuka hamwe no gukomeza kuzamura urwego rwikoranabuhanga muri ejo hazaza. Kubwibyo, firime yoroheje ya lithium niobate yerekana kwerekana imikorere myiza yumucyo utambutse nkinzira ya fotosintetike, shunt na microring.

Kubyerekeranye no kubyara urumuri, InP yonyine ifite ubushobozi bwo kohereza urumuri muburyo butaziguye; Kubwibyo, kugirango ukoreshe fotora ya microwave, birakenewe kumenyekanisha inkomoko yumucyo wa InP kuri LNOI ishingiye kuri fotonike ihuriweho na chip yo gusubiza inyuma gusudira cyangwa gukura kwa epitaxial. Kubijyanye no guhindura urumuri, hashimangiwe hejuru ko ibikoresho bito bito bya lithium niobate byoroshye kugera ku ntera nini ya modulisiyo nini, igice cya kabiri cy’umuvuduko ukabije ndetse n’igihombo cyohereza kurusha InP na Si. Byongeye kandi, umurongo muremure wa electro-optique yo guhindura moderi yoroheje ya lithium niobate ibikoresho ni ngombwa kuri porogaramu zose za microwave.

Kubijyanye na optique ya optique, umuvuduko mwinshi wa electro-optique igisubizo cyibikoresho bya firime yoroheje ya lithium niobate ituma LNOI ishingiye kuri optique ihindura ubushobozi bwihuse bwo guhinduranya ibintu, kandi gukoresha ingufu nkiyi yihuta cyane nabyo biri hasi cyane. Kubisanzwe bikoreshwa muburyo bwa tekinoroji ya microwave ya fotone, chip igenzurwa neza na chipforming chip ifite ubushobozi bwo guhinduranya byihuse kugirango ihuze ibyifuzo byo gusikana byihuse, kandi ibiranga gukoresha ingufu zidasanzwe cyane bihujwe neza nibisabwa binini binini -ibice byiciro bya sisitemu. Nubwo InP ishingiye kuri optique ishobora kandi kubona inzira yihuta yo guhinduranya inzira, bizana urusaku runini, cyane cyane iyo optique ya optique ihindagurika, coefficient y urusaku izangirika cyane. Ibikoresho bya Silicon, SiO2 na silicon nitride birashobora gusa guhindura inzira ya optique binyuze mumikorere ya thermo-optique cyangwa ingaruka zo gukwirakwiza abatwara ibintu, bifite ingaruka mbi zo gukoresha ingufu nyinshi no kwihuta kwihuta. Iyo ingano yubunini bwibice byiciro ari nini, ntishobora kuzuza ibisabwa byo gukoresha ingufu.

Kubijyanye na optique amplification, thesemiconductor optique amplifier (SOA) hashingiwe kuri InP yarakuze kugirango ikoreshwe mu bucuruzi, ariko ifite ibibi byurusaku rwinshi rw urusaku rwinshi nimbaraga zuzuye zuzuye, ibyo bikaba bidakoreshwa mugukoresha fotora ya microwave. Uburyo bwa amplificateur amplificateur ya thin-firime lithium niobate waveguide ishingiye kubikorwa bya buri gihe no guhinduranya bishobora kugera ku rusaku ruke n'imbaraga nyinshi kuri chip optique amplification, ishobora kuzuza neza ibisabwa na tekinoroji ya microwave ya fotone kugirango ikoreshwe kuri chip optique.

Kubijyanye no kumenya urumuri, firime yoroheje lithium niobate ifite uburyo bwiza bwo kohereza urumuri muri 1550 nm band. Imikorere yo guhinduranya amashanyarazi ntishobora kugerwaho, kubwibyo porogaramu ya microwave ya fotone, kugirango ihuze ibikenewe byo guhinduranya amashanyarazi kuri chip. Ibice bya InGaAs cyangwa Ge-Si bigomba kumenyekana kuri LNOI ishingiye kuri fotonike yibikoresho byifashishwa mugusubiza inyuma gusudira cyangwa gukura kwa epitaxial. Kubijyanye no guhuza fibre optique, kubera ko fibre optique ubwayo ari ibikoresho bya SiO2, umurima wuburyo bwa SiO2 waveguide ufite impamyabumenyi ihanitse cyane hamwe nuburyo bwa fibre optique, kandi guhuza nibyo byoroshye. Uburyo bwa diametre yumurongo wa disikuru yagabanijwe cyane ya firime yoroheje ya lithium niobate ni nka 1 mm, ikaba itandukanye cyane nuburyo bwimiterere ya fibre optique, bityo rero uburyo bukwiye bwo guhinduka bugomba gukorwa kugirango buhuze nuburyo bwa fibre optique.

Kubijyanye no kwishyira hamwe, niba ibikoresho bitandukanye bifite ubushobozi buke bwo kwishyira hamwe biterwa ahanini na radiyo igoramye ya waveguide (byatewe no kugarukira kumurongo wuburyo bwa waveguide). Umuhengeri wabujijwe cyane utuma radiyo ntoya igoramye, ikaba ifasha cyane kwishyira hamwe kwinshi. Kubwibyo, thin-firime lithium niobate waveguides ifite ubushobozi bwo kugera kubufatanye bukomeye. Kubwibyo, kugaragara kwa firime yoroheje lithium niobate ituma bishoboka ko ibikoresho bya lithium niobate bigira uruhare rwose muburyo bwa "silicon" optique. Kubikoresha mikoro ya microwave, ibyiza bya firime yoroheje lithium niobate iragaragara cyane.