Ikintu cyose gifite ubushyuhe buri hejuru ya zeru cyerekana ingufu mumwanya wimbere muburyo bwurumuri.Tekinoroji ya sensing ikoresha imirasire yimirasire kugirango ipime ingano yumubiri yitwa tekinoroji ya infragre.
Ikoreshwa rya sensor ya tekinoroji ni bumwe mu buhanga bwihuta mu iterambere mu myaka yashize, sensor ya infragre yakoreshejwe cyane mu kirere, mu bumenyi bw’ikirere, mu bumenyi bw'ikirere, mu gisirikare, mu nganda no mu gisivili ndetse no mu zindi nzego, bigira uruhare runini ku buryo budasubirwaho.Infrared, mubyukuri, ni ubwoko bwimirasire yumuriro wa electromagnetique, uburebure bwumurambararo wa metero 0,78m ~ 1000m, kuko buherereye mumucyo ugaragara hanze yumucyo utukura, witwa infrared.Ikintu cyose gifite ubushyuhe buri hejuru ya zeru cyerekana ingufu mumwanya wimbere muburyo bwurumuri.Tekinoroji ya sensing ikoresha imirasire yimirasire kugirango ipime ingano yumubiri yitwa tekinoroji ya infragre.
Photonic infrared sensor ni ubwoko bwa sensor ikora ukoresheje ingaruka ya foton yimirasire ya infragre.Ingaruka yitwa foton yerekana ko mugihe habaye ikibazo cya infragre ku bikoresho bimwe na bimwe bya semiconductor, umuvuduko wa fotone mumirasire ya infragre ikorana na electron mubikoresho bya semiconductor, bigahindura ingufu za electron, bikavamo ibintu bitandukanye byamashanyarazi.Mugupima impinduka mumiterere ya elegitoroniki y'ibikoresho bya semiconductor, urashobora kumenya imbaraga z'imirasire ikwiranye.Ubwoko bwibanze bwa fotoneri ni Photodetector y'imbere, fotodeteri yo hanze, icyuma gitwara abantu kubuntu, QWIP quantum well detector nibindi.Imashini ifotora imbere igabanijwemo ubwoko bwa fotokondivide, ubwoko butanga amashanyarazi na fotomagnetoelectric.Ibintu nyamukuru biranga icyuma gifotora ni sensibilité nyinshi, umuvuduko wihuse, hamwe ninshuro nyinshi zo gusubiza, ariko ibibi ni uko umurongo wo gutahura ari muto, kandi muri rusange ukora mubushyuhe buke (kugirango ugumane ubukana bwinshi, azote yuzuye cyangwa thermoelectric firigo ikoreshwa mugukonjesha fotone kugirango ubushyuhe buke bukore).
Igikoresho cyo gusesengura ibice gishingiye ku ikoranabuhanga rya infragre spracifike rifite ibiranga icyatsi, cyihuta, kidasenya kandi kuri interineti, kandi ni kimwe mu iterambere ryihuse ry’ikoranabuhanga rikomeye ryisesengura mu rwego rwa chimie yisesengura.Molekile nyinshi za gaze zigizwe na diatom ya asimmetric na polyatom zifite imirongo ijyanye no kwinjiza mumirasire yimirasire yimirasire, kandi uburebure bwumuraba hamwe nimbaraga zo kwinjizamo imitsi iratandukanye kubera molekile zitandukanye ziri mubintu byapimwe.Ukurikije ikwirakwizwa ryimigozi yo kwinjiza ya molekile zitandukanye za gazi nimbaraga zo kwinjiza, ibigize nibirimo bya molekile ya gaze mubintu byapimwe birashobora kumenyekana.Isesengura rya gazi ya infragre ikoreshwa mu kurasa urumuri rwapimwe n’umucyo utagira urumuri, kandi ukurikije ibimenyetso byo kwinjiza infragre yimiterere yibitangazamakuru bitandukanye bya molekile, ukoresheje infrarafrasiyo yo kwinjiza ibintu biranga gaze, binyuze mubisesengura kugirango ugere kuri gaze cyangwa isesengura ryibanze.
Isuzumabumenyi rya hydroxyl, amazi, karubone, Al-OH, Mg-OH, Fe-OH hamwe nandi masano ya molekile irashobora kuboneka mugukoresha imirasire yimirasire yikintu cyerekanwe, hanyuma umwanya wuburebure bwumurambararo, ubujyakuzimu nubugari bwurwego rushobora kuba gupimwa no gusesengurwa kugirango ubone ubwoko bwayo, ibigize hamwe nigereranyo cyibintu byingenzi byuma.Rero, isesengura ryibigize itangazamakuru rikomeye birashobora kugerwaho.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-04-2023