Shyiramo modulator ya silicon photonic Mach-Zehnder MZM modulator

Shyiramo modulator ya silicon photonic Mach-ZehnderModulator ya MZM

Modulator ya Mach-Zehnder ni yo gice cy'ingenzi cyane ku mpera y'umuyoboro muri module za silicon photonic za 400G/800G. Ubu, hari ubwoko bubiri bwa modulator ku mpera y'umuyoboro wa module za silicon photonic zakozwe mu buryo bunini: Ubwoko bumwe ni modulator ya PAM4 ishingiye ku buryo bwo gukora bwa 100Gbps imwe, igera ku kohereza amakuru ya 800Gbps binyuze mu buryo bwa 4-channel / 8-channel parallel kandi ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu bigo by'amakuru na Gpus. Birumvikana ko modulator ya silicon photonics ya 200Gbps imwe izahangana na EML nyuma yo gukora ubwinshi kuri 100Gbps ntabwo igomba kuba kure. Ubwoko bwa kabiri niUmuhuza w'ubwenge (IQ modulator)ikoreshwa mu itumanaho rya optique rihuza intera ndende. Ihindagurika ry’ingufu rivugwa muri iki gihe ryerekeza ku ntera yo kohereza amakuru ya optique kuva ku bihumbi bya kilometero mu muyoboro w’inyuma w’umujyi kugeza kuri module za optique za ZR kuva kuri kilometero 80 kugeza 120, ndetse no kuri module za optique za LR kuva kuri kilometero 10 mu gihe kizaza.

Ihame ryo kwihuta cyanemodulators za silikoniishobora kugabanywamo ibice bibiri: optique n'amashanyarazi.

Igice cy'urumuri: Ihame ry'ibanze ni interferometero ya Mach-Zehnder. Umurabyo w'urumuri unyura mu gice cy'urumuri cya 50-50 bigahinduka imirasire ibiri y'urumuri ifite ingufu zingana, ikomeza koherezwa mu maboko abiri ya modulator. Binyuze mu kugenzura icyiciro kuri kimwe mu maboko (ni ukuvuga ko index ya refractive ya silikoni ihindurwa n'icyuma gishyushya kugira ngo ihindure umuvuduko wo gukwirakwiza kw'ukuboko kumwe), guhuza imirasire kwa nyuma bikorwa aho amaboko yombi asohokera. Uburebure bw'icyiciro cyo kubangamira (aho imitwe y'amaboko yombi igera icyarimwe) no guhagarika kubangamira (aho itandukaniro ry'icyiciro ari 90° kandi imitwe y'amaboko iri imbere y'imiyoboro) bishobora kugerwaho binyuze mu kubangamira, bityo bigahindura ubukana bw'urumuri (bishobora kumvikana nka 1 na 0 mu bimenyetso bya digitale). Ubu ni uburyo bworoshye bwo gusobanukirwa kandi ni uburyo bwo kugenzura aho imikorere ikorerwa mu kazi. Urugero, mu itumanaho ry'amakuru, dukora ku gace ka 3dB kari munsi y'agace k'urumuri, kandi mu itumanaho rihuza, dukora ahantu hatagaragara urumuri. Ariko, ubu buryo bwo kugenzura itandukaniro ry’icyiciro binyuze mu gushyushya no gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe kugira ngo bugenzure ikimenyetso cy’umusaruro bifata igihe kirekire cyane kandi ntibushobora kuzuza ibisabwa byo kohereza 100Gpbs ku isegonda. Kubwibyo, tugomba gushaka uburyo bwo kugera ku muvuduko wihuse wo guhinduranya.

Igice cy'amashanyarazi kigizwe ahanini n'igice cy'aho PN ihurira gikeneye guhindura index ya refractive kuri frequency yo hejuru, hamwe n'imiterere ya electrode y'umuraba ugenda uhura n'umuvuduko w'ikimenyetso cy'amashanyarazi n'ikimenyetso cy'urumuri. Ihame ryo guhindura index ya refractive ni ingaruka ya plasma dispersion, izwi kandi nka free carrier dispersion effect. Bivuga ingaruka zifatika iyo ubwinshi bw'ibikoresho byigenga mu bikoresho bya semiconductor buhindutse, ibice nyabyo n'ibitekerezwa by'ikimenyetso cya refractive cy'ibikoresho nabyo bihinduka uko bikwiye. Iyo ubwinshi bw'ibikoresho byigenga mu bikoresho bya semiconductor bwiyongera, coefficient y'ibikoresho yiyongera mu gihe igice nyacyo cy'ikimenyetso cya refractive kigabanuka. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, iyo ibikoresho byigenga mu bikoresho bya semiconductor bigabanuka, coefficient y'ubushyuhe igabanuka mu gihe igice nyacyo cy'ikimenyetso cya refractive kiyongera. Muri iyo ngaruka, mu buryo bufatika, modulation y'ibimenyetso bya frequency yo hejuru ishobora kugerwaho binyuze mu kugenzura umubare w'ibikoresho byigenga mu gikoresho cyo kohereza. Amaherezo, ibimenyetso bya 0 na 1 bigaragara aho bisohoka, bishyira ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi byihuta cyane ku bunini bw'urumuri. Uburyo bwo kubigeraho ni ukubinyuza mu gikoresho cya PN. Ibikoresho by’ubwikorezi bya silikoni y’umwimerere ni bike cyane, kandi impinduka mu bwinshi ntabwo bihagije kugira ngo bihuze n’impinduka mu gipimo cyo kugarura ubushyuhe. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa kongera urwego rw’ingufu mu gipimo cyo kohereza ubushyuhe hakoreshejwe silikoni ikoresha imiti kugira ngo habeho impinduka mu gipimo cyo kugarura ubushyuhe, bityo habeho impinduka mu gipimo cyo hejuru.