Ibintu by'ingenzi biranga uburyo bwo kongera umusaruro hakoreshejwe laser

Ni ibihe bintu by'ingenzi biranga ikoranabuhanga rya laser gain media?

Uburyo bwo gukura kwa laser, buzwi kandi nka laser working substance, bivuga sisitemu y'ibikoresho ikoreshwa mu kugera ku guhindura umubare w'uduce no gukora imirasire ishyushye kugira ngo igere ku kongera urumuri. Ni igice cy'ingenzi cya laser, gitwara umubare munini wa atome cyangwa molekile, izo atome cyangwa molekile zikoreshejwe ingufu zo hanze, zishobora guhinduka zikajya mu mimerere yo gushyuha, kandi binyuze mu mirasire ishyushye zigasohora fotoni, bityo zigakoraitara rya laserUburyo bwo gukuramo irangi bushobora kuba ibikoresho bikomeye, ibikomoka ku mazi, gazi cyangwa semiconductor.
Muri laser za state solid, imvange y’ibintu bikunze gukoreshwa ni kristu zivanze na iyoni za rare earth cyangwa iyoni za transition metal, nka kristu za Nd:YAG, kristu za Nd:YVO4, nibindi. Muri laser z’amazi, irangi ry’umwimerere rikunze gukoreshwa nk’imvange y’ibintu bikomoka ku bintu ...Lazeri za semiconductorkoresha ibikoresho bya semiconductor nk'uburyo bwo kubyaza umusaruro, nka gallium arsenide (GaAs).
Ibintu by'ingenzi biranga uburyo bwo gukuramo ibara rya laser birimo:
Imiterere y'urwego rw'ingufu: Atome cyangwa molekile ziri mu gice cy'ingufu zigomba kugira imiterere ikwiye y'urwego rw'ingufu kugira ngo zigere ku ihinduka ry'umubare w'abantu bitewe n'ingufu zo hanze. Ibi bivuze ko itandukaniro ry'ingufu hagati y'urwego rw'ingufu ruri hejuru n'urwo hasi rigomba guhuza ingufu za fotoni z'uburebure runaka.

Imiterere y'impinduka: Atome cyangwa molekile mu bihe bya excited zigomba kugira imiterere ihamye y'impinduka kugira ngo zisohore fotoni zihamye mu gihe cy'imirasire ya excited. Ibi bisaba ko urwego rw'ingufu rugira imikorere myiza ya quantum n'igihombo gito.
Gutuza ubushyuhe n'imbaraga za mekanike: Mu bikorwa bifatika, icyuma gipima ubushyuhe kigomba kwihanganira urumuri rw'amashanyarazi menshi hamwe n'umusaruro wa laser, bityo kigomba kugira ubushyuhe bwiza n'imbaraga za mekanike.
Ubwiza bw'urumuri: Ubwiza bw'urumuri rw'amashanyarazi ni ingenzi cyane ku mikorere ya laser. Igomba kugira urumuri rwinshi n'igihombo gito kugira ngo urumuri rwa laser rube rwiza kandi ruhamye. Guhitamo uburyo bwo gukoresha laser biterwa n'ibisabwa mu ikoreshwa ry'urumurilaser, uburebure bw'umurambararo, imbaraga z'umusaruro n'ibindi bintu. Mu kunoza ibikoresho n'imiterere y'uburyo bwo gukura, imikorere n'ubushobozi bwa laser bishobora kunozwa kurushaho.