Inganda zikora itumanaho rya laser ziri gutera imbere vuba kandi zigiye kwinjira mu gihe cy'indashyikirwa cy'iterambere Igice cya Mbere

Inganda zikora itumanaho rya laser ziri gutera imbere vuba kandi zigiye kwinjira mu gihe cy'iterambere ry'izahabu

Itumanaho rya laser ni ubwoko bw'itumanaho rikoresha laser mu kohereza amakuru. Laser ni ubwoko bushya bwaisoko y'urumuri, ifite imiterere y'urumuri rwinshi, icyerekezo gikomeye, monokromu nziza n'ubwumvikane bukomeye. Dukurikije uburyo butandukanye bwo kohereza amakuru, ishobora kugabanywamo ibice by'umwukaitumanaho rya lasern'itumanaho rya fibre optique. Itumanaho rya laser yo mu kirere ni itumanaho rya laser rikoresha ikirere nk'uburyo bwo kohereza ubutumwa. Itumanaho rya fibre optique ni uburyo bwo kohereza ubutumwa bukoresha fibre optique kugira ngo bwohereze ibimenyetso by'urumuri.

Sisitemu y'itumanaho rya laser igizwe n'ibice bibiri: kohereza no kwakira. Igice cyo kohereza kigizwe ahanini na laser, modulator y'amajwi na antene yohereza amajwi. Igice cyo kwakira kigizwe ahanini na antene yo kwakira amajwi, akayunguruzo k'amajwi naImashini ipima fotoAmakuru agomba koherezwa yoherezwa kuriModulator y'urumuriihujwe na laser, ihindura amakuru ari kurilaserikabyohereza binyuze kuri antene ikoresha ikoranabuhanga rituma amakuru asohoka. Ku mpera yo kwakira, antene ikoresha ikoranabuhanga rituma amakuru asohoka yakira ikimenyetso cya laser hanyuma ikacyohereza kuriicyuma gipima urumuri, ihindura ikimenyetso cya laser mo ikimenyetso cy'amashanyarazi ikagihindura amakuru y'umwimerere nyuma yo kongera no gukuraho.

Buri satelite iri mu muyoboro wa satelite w’itumanaho rya mesh wa Pentagon ishobora kugira imiyoboro ine ya laser kugira ngo ibashe kuvugana n’izindi satelite, indege, amato na sitasiyo zo ku butaka.Amasano y'urumurihagati y’ibyogajuru ni ingenzi cyane ku ntsinzi y’ingabo za Amerika mu gice cyo hasi cy’isi, kizakoreshwa mu itumanaho ry’amakuru hagati y’imibumbe myinshi. Imashini za Lazeri zishobora gutanga igipimo cyo kohereza amakuru kiri hejuru kurusha itumanaho rya RF risanzwe, ariko kandi zirahenze cyane.

Igisirikare cya Amerika giherutse gutanga amasezerano agera kuri miliyari 1.8 z'amadolari kuri gahunda ya 126 Constellation igomba kubakwa ukwayo n'amasosiyete yo muri Amerika yateguye ikoranabuhanga ry'itumanaho rya optique rikoresha uburyo bwo kohereza amakuru kuri point-to-multipoint rishobora gufasha kugabanya ikiguzi cyo kubaka inyenyeri binyuze mu kugabanya cyane ikenerwa ry'aho terminals zikorera. Uburyo bwo guhuza amakuru kuri point-to-menshi bugerwaho hakoreshejwe igikoresho cyitwa managed optical communication array (MOCA mu magambo ahinnye), kidasanzwe kuko ari modular cyane, kandi uburyo bwo guhuza amakuru kuri point-to-satellite butuma habaho imikoranire hagati ya satellite kugira ngo bushobore kuvugana n'izindi satellite nyinshi. Mu itumanaho rya laser risanzwe, byose ni point-to-point, umubano hagati ya point-to-one. Hamwe na MOCA, uburyo bwo guhuza amakuru kuri satellite bushobora kuvugana na satellite 40 zitandukanye. Iri koranabuhanga si inyungu yo kugabanya ikiguzi cyo kubaka inyenyeri za satellite gusa, niba ikiguzi cya node cyagabanutse, hari amahirwe yo gushyira mu bikorwa imiterere itandukanye y'imiyoboro bityo bikaba bitandukanye ku rwego rwa serivisi.

Hashize igihe, icyogajuru cya Beidou cyo mu Bushinwa cyakoze igerageza ry’itumanaho rya laser, cyohereza neza ikimenyetso mu buryo bwa laser ku gice cyo kwakira ibintu hasi, ibi bikaba bifite akamaro kadasanzwe mu itumanaho ryihuse hagati y’imiyoboro ya satelite mu gihe kizaza, gukoresha itumanaho rya laser bishobora gutuma icyogajuru cyohereza megabiti ibihumbi by’amakuru ku isegonda, umuvuduko w’ubuzima bwacu bwa buri munsi ni megabiti nke kugeza kuri megabiti icumi ku isegonda, kandi iyo itumanaho rya laser rimaze kugerwaho, umuvuduko wo gukurura ushobora kugera kuri gigabiti nyinshi ku isegonda, kandi mu gihe kizaza ushobora no guterwa terabiti.

Kugeza ubu, sisitemu yo mu Bushinwa yo kuyobora ingendo za Beidou yasinye amasezerano y'ubufatanye n'ibihugu 137 hirya no hino ku isi, ifite ingaruka ku isi, kandi izakomeza kwaguka mu gihe kizaza, nubwo sisitemu yo kuyobora ingendo za Beidou mu Bushinwa ari yo ya gatatu ya sisitemu yo kuyobora ingendo za satelite ikuze, ariko ifite umubare munini wa satelite, ndetse iruta umubare wa satelite za sisitemu ya GPS. Kuri ubu, sisitemu yo kuyobora ingendo za Beidou ifite uruhare runini haba mu gisirikare no mu baturage. Niba itumanaho rya laser rishoboye kugerwaho, rizazana inkuru nziza ku isi.