Ikoreshwa rya tekinoroji ya tekinoroji

Ikoreshwa rya tekinoroji ya tekinoroji
LaserKumenyekanisha kure: Kugaragaza imiterere ya sisitemu yo gutahura

Urumuri ruto rwa lazeri rubyina neza mu kirere, rushakisha bucece amajwi ya kure, ihame ryihishe inyuma yikoranabuhanga rya tekiniki "magic" ni esoteric rwose kandi ryuzuye igikundiro. Uyu munsi, reka tuzamure umwenda kuri ubu buhanga butangaje kandi dusuzume imiterere n'amahame yayo meza. Ihame rya laser ya kure yerekana amajwi ryerekanwe mubishusho 1 (a). Sisitemu ya laser yerekana amajwi igizwe na sisitemu yo gupima laser laser hamwe nintego yo gupima kudahuzagurika. Ukurikije uburyo bwo gutahura urumuri rugaruka, sisitemu yo gutahura irashobora kugabanywa muburyo butavanze nubwoko bwivanga, kandi igishushanyo mbonera cyerekanwe mubishusho 1 (b) na (c).

FIG. 1 (a) Hagarika igishushanyo cya laser ya kure yerekana amajwi; (b) Igishushanyo mbonera cya sisitemu yo gupima intera itagaragara ya laser; (c) Igishushanyo mbonera cya interferometric laser intera ya sisitemu yo gupima

一. Sisitemu yo kutabangamira sisitemu Kutavangavanga ni imiterere itaziguye yinshuti, binyuze mumirasire ya laser yubuso bwerekanwe, hamwe na oblique yimikorere yumucyo azimuti ihindagurika bigatuma habaho impinduka mukwakira kurangira kwinshi kwumucyo cyangwa ishusho yibara. gupima mu buryo butaziguye intego ya micro-vibrasiya, hanyuma "ugororotse ugororotse" kugirango ugere kure ya acoustic signal. Ukurikije imiterere yo kwakiragufotora, sisitemu yo kutivanga irashobora kugabanywa muburyo bumwe hamwe nubwoko bwibisobanuro. Intandaro yimiterere yingingo imwe ni "kongera kubaka ikimenyetso cya acoustic", ni ukuvuga, kunyeganyega hejuru yikintu bipimwa mugupima ihinduka ryimbaraga zumucyo wa detector zatewe no guhindura icyerekezo cyo kugaruka. Imiterere y'ingingo imwe ifite ibyiza byo kugiciro gito, imiterere yoroshye, igipimo cyinshi cyo gutoranya hamwe nigihe nyacyo cyo kongera kubaka ibimenyetso bya acoustic ukurikije ibitekerezo bya Photocurrent, ariko ingaruka ya laser izasenya isano iri hagati yumubyigano nubushyuhe bwumucyo. , rero irabuza ikoreshwa rya sisitemu imwe-imwe itabangamiye sisitemu yo kumenya. Imiterere ya array yubaka hejuru yinyeganyeza yintego ikoresheje algorithm yerekana ishusho itunganijwe, kuburyo sisitemu yo gupima ibinyeganyega ifite imiterere ihuza cyane nubuso butagaragara, kandi ifite ubunyangamugayo nubukangurambaga.

二. Sisitemu yo gutahura itandukanyirizo itandukanye no kutavangavanga kutabangamira, gutahura intambamyi bifite igikundiro kitaziguye, ihame ni ukunyura kuri lazeri ya lazeri yubuso bwintego, ubuso bwerekanwe hamwe na optique ya optique yo kwimuka kumuri inyuma itangiza icyiciro / impinduka zihinduka, ikoreshwa rya tekinoroji yo gupima gupima inshuro ya shift / icyiciro cyo guhinduranya kugirango ugere kure ya micro-vibration gupima. Kugeza ubu, tekinoroji ya interferometrike yateye imbere irashobora kugabanywamo amoko abiri ukurikije ihame rya tekinoroji ya laser Doppler vibration yo gupima hamwe nuburyo bwo kwivanga bwa lazeri bushingiye ku bimenyetso bya kure bya acoustic. Uburyo bwo gupima Laser Doppler uburyo bwo gupima bushingiye ku ngaruka ya Doppler ya laser kugirango imenye ibimenyetso byijwi mugupima impinduka ya Doppler inshuro ziterwa no kunyeganyega hejuru yikintu cyagenewe. Ikoreshwa rya laser yo kwivanga interferometrie yikoranabuhanga ipima kwimuka, umuvuduko, kunyeganyega nintera yintego yemerera igice cyumucyo ugaragara cyintego ya kure kongera kwinjira muri laser resonator kandi bigatera ihinduka ryumurima wa lazeri amplitude hamwe ninshuro. Ibyiza byayo biri mubunini buto hamwe no kumva neza sisitemu yo gupima vibrasiya, nalazeri nkeyairashobora gukoreshwa mugutahura amajwi ya kure. Sisitemu yo guhinduranya inshuro yo kwipimisha sisitemu yo gupima ibimenyetso byerekanwa kure byerekanwe mubishusho 2.

FIG. Igishushanyo mbonera cya frequency-shift laser yo-kuvanga sisitemu yo gupima

Nuburyo bwa tekiniki bwingirakamaro kandi bunoze, laser "magic" ikina imvugo ya kure ntishobora gusa murwego rwo gutahura, murwego rwo kurwanya-gutahura nayo ifite imikorere myiza kandi ikoreshwa mugari - tekinoroji yo kurwanya laser. Iri koranabuhanga rirashobora kugera ku ntera ya metero 100 yo guhangana n’imbere mu nzu, mu biro ndetse n’ahandi hantu h'urukuta rw'ikirahure, kandi igikoresho kimwe gishobora kurinda neza icyumba cy'inama gifite idirishya rya metero kare 15, hiyongereyeho umuvuduko wihuse wo gusikana no guhagarara mumasegonda 10, umwanya uhagaze neza kurenza 90% igipimo cyo kumenyekana, hamwe no kwizerwa cyane kubikorwa byigihe kirekire. Ikoreshwa rya Laser interception tekinoroji irashobora gutanga ingwate ikomeye kubakoresha amakuru yumutekano acoustic mubiro byingenzi byinganda nibindi bihe.