Uyu munsi, tuzashyira laser "monochromatic" kuri laser ifite ubugari buto cyane. Ivuka ryayo ryuzuza icyuho mu nzego nyinshi zikoreshwa muri laser, kandi mu myaka ya vuba aha ryakoreshejwe cyane mu gupima imiraba y'uburemere, liDAR, uburyo bwo kumenya ibintu bitandukanye, itumanaho ryihuse cyane n'izindi nzego, ibyo bikaba ari "inshingano" idashobora kurangizwa gusa no kunoza imbaraga za laser.
Laser ifite ubugari bw'umurongo muto ni iki?
Ijambo "ubugari bw'umurongo" risobanura ubugari bw'umurongo wa spectral wa laser mu gice cy'umuvuduko, ubusanzwe bupimwa hakurikijwe ubugari bwuzuye bwa spectrum (FWHM). Ubugari bw'umurongo bugirwaho ingaruka cyane cyane n'imirasire yihuta ya atome cyangwa ioni zishyushye, urusaku rw'itsinda, guhindagura kwa resonator, gushyuha kw'ubushyuhe n'ibindi bintu byo hanze. Uko agaciro k'umurambararo w'umurongo kaba gake, ni ko spectrum iba nziza, ni ukuvuga ko monochromaticity ya laser iba nziza. Laser zifite imiterere nk'iyo akenshi zigira urusaku ruto cyane rwa phase cyangwa frequency hamwe n'urusaku ruto cyane rw'ingufu. Muri icyo gihe, uko ubugari bw'umurongo bugabanuka, niko uburinganire burushaho gukomera, bugaragazwa nk'uburebure burebure cyane bwa coherence.
Gushyira mu bikorwa no gukoresha laser y'ubugari bw'umurongo muto
Kubera ko idafite aho ihuriye n'ubugari bw'umuvuduko w'ibintu bikora muri laser, ntabwo bishoboka cyane kubona umusaruro wa laser ifite ubugari bw'umuvuduko w ...
Reka turebe uko imikoreshereze y'umurongo mugari w'ubugari bw'ibyiciro bitandukanye bya lasers ikorwa.
Lazeri zikoresha semiconductor zifite ibyiza byo kuba ingano nto, imikorere myiza cyane, kuramba kandi zikaba nziza ku bukungu.
Resonator y'urumuri ya Fabry-Perot (FP) ikoreshwa mu buryo bwa gakondolaser za semiconductormuri rusange ihindagurika mu buryo bwa longitudinal nyinshi, kandi ubugari bw'umurongo usohoka ni bugari, bityo ni ngombwa kongera igisubizo cy'urumuri kugira ngo ubone umusaruro w'ubugari bw'umurongo muto.
Incamake y’ingufu (DFB) na Bragg Reflection (DBR) ni laser ebyiri zisanzwe za semiconductor zigaragaza ubwiza bw’imbere. Bitewe n’uburyo bwo gukurura ingano ntoya hamwe n’uburyo bwiza bwo guhitamo uburebure bw’umurambararo, biroroshye kugera ku musaruro uhamye w’ubugari bw’umurongo umwe. Itandukaniro rikomeye riri hagati y’imiterere yombi ni aho grating iherereye: imiterere ya DFB isanzwe ikwirakwiza imiterere y’ingufu za Bragg muri resonator, kandi resonator ya DBR isanzwe igizwe n’imiterere y’ingufu za reflection hamwe n’akarere k’ingufu gashyizwe mu gice cyo hejuru cy’ubuso. Byongeye kandi, laser za DFB zikoresha gratings zishyizwemo zifite itandukaniro rito ry’indanganturo ya refractive index na reflectivity nke. Laser za DBR zikoresha gratings z’ubuso zifite itandukaniro rinini ry’indanganturo ya refractive index na reflectivity nyinshi. Imiterere yombi ifite urwego runini rwa spectral kandi ishobora gukora tuning y’uburebure nta gusimbuka mu rugero rwa nanometero nke, aho laser ya DBR ifite urwego runini rwo gukurura ingano kurutaLazeri ya DFBByongeye kandi, ikoranabuhanga ryo gusubiza inyuma urumuri rw’imashini ya laser ya semiconductor, rikoresha ibintu byo hanze by’urumuri kugira ngo risubize urumuri rusohoka rwa chip ya laser ya semiconductor no guhitamo frequency, rishobora kandi gukora neza imikorere y’ubugari bw’umurongo muto wa laser ya semiconductor.
(2) Lazeri za fibre
Fiber laser ifite ubushobozi bwo guhindura pompe neza, ubwiza bw'imirasire myiza n'ubushobozi bwo guhuza ibintu, ibyo bikaba ari ingingo zishyushye mu bushakashatsi mu rwego rwa laser. Mu gihe cy'amakuru, fiber laser ifite uburyo bwo guhuza ibintu neza na sisitemu y'itumanaho rya fiber optique iri ku isoko. Fiber laser ifite ubushobozi bwo gukoresha umurongo umwe, ifite ubugari bw'umurongo muto, urusaku ruto n'imikoranire myiza yabaye kimwe mu byerekezo by'ingenzi by'iterambere ryayo.
Uburyo bumwe bwo gukora mu gihe kirekire ni ingenzi muri fibre laser kugira ngo igere ku muvuduko muto w’ubugari bw’umurongo, ubusanzwe hakurikijwe imiterere ya resonator ya fibre laser imwe ishobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bwa DFB, ubwoko bwa DBR n’ubwoko bw’impeta. Muri byo, ihame ry’imikorere ya fibre laser imwe ya DFB na DBR ni nk’iry’imikoreshereze ya DFB na DBR semiconductor laser.
Nkuko bigaragara ku Ishusho ya 1, laser ya DFB igomba kwandika Bragg grating muri fiber. Kubera ko uburebure bw'umurambararo w'icyuma gifata amashusho bugira ingaruka ku gihe cy'icyuma gifata amashusho, uburyo bwo mu gihe kirekire bushobora gutoranywa binyuze mu buryo bwo gupima imiterere y'icyuma gifata amashusho. Resonator ya laser ya DBR ikunze gukorwa na fiber Bragg gratings ebyiri, kandi uburyo bwo mu gihe kirekire butoranywa ahanini hakoreshejwe umugozi muto n'udupira duto two mu gihe kirekire two mu gihe kirekire. Ariko, kubera resonator yayo ndende, imiterere igoye no kutagira uburyo bwo gutandukanya imiterere y'urumuri, umwobo ufite ishusho y'uruziga ukunda gusimbuka, kandi biragoye gukora neza mu gihe kirekire.
Ishusho ya 1, Imiterere ibiri isanzwe y'umurongo umwelaser za fibre
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-27-2023