Uyu munsi, tuzamenyekanisha lazeri "monochromatic" kuri lazeri ikabije - ifunguye umurongo muto.Kugaragara kwayo kuzuza icyuho mubice byinshi byifashishwa bya laser, kandi mumyaka yashize yakoreshejwe cyane mugukwirakwiza imbaraga za gravitational wave, liDAR, gukwirakwiza sensing, kwihuta kwihuta guhuza itumanaho hamwe nizindi nzego, iyo ikaba ari "ubutumwa" budashobora kuba byuzuye gusa mugutezimbere ingufu za laser.
Laser yagutse ni iki?
Ijambo "ubugari bwumurongo" bivuga ubugari bwumurongo wa laser muri domaine yumurongo, ubusanzwe ugereranywa ukurikije igice cya mpinga yubugari bwuzuye bwubugari (FWHM).Umuyoboro mwinshi wibasiwe cyane nimirasire ya atome cyangwa ion zishimye, urusaku rwicyiciro, kunyeganyega kwa resonator, ubushyuhe bwubushyuhe nibindi bintu byo hanze.Gutoya agaciro k'ubugari bwumurongo, niko hejuru yubuziranenge bwikigereranyo, ni ukuvuga, monochromaticity ya laser.Lazeri ifite ibintu nkibi mubisanzwe ifite icyiciro gito cyane cyangwa urusaku rwinshi hamwe n urusaku ruke ugereranije.Mugihe kimwe, ntoya ntoya yubugari bwumurongo wa laser, niko gukomera bihuye, bigaragarira nkuburebure burebure cyane.
Kumenyekanisha no gukoresha umurongo muto wa laser
Bitewe ninyungu zisanzwe zifite imbaraga zumurimo wa lazeri, ntibishoboka ko umuntu amenya neza umusaruro wa lazeri yagutse yifashishije oscillator gakondo ubwayo.Kugirango tumenye imikorere ya laser linewidth laser, mubisanzwe birakenewe gukoresha muyungurura, gusya hamwe nibindi bikoresho kugirango ugabanye cyangwa uhitemo modulus ndende muburyo bwo kunguka, kongera inyungu zinyungu zinyuranye hagati yuburyo burebure, kugirango habeho a bike cyangwa ndetse nuburyo bumwe gusa bwo guhindagurika muri laser resonator.Muri ubu buryo, akenshi birakenewe kugenzura ingaruka zurusaku rusohoka rwa laser, no kugabanya kwaguka kwimirongo iterwa no kunyeganyega nubushyuhe bwubushyuhe bwibidukikije;Muri icyo gihe, irashobora kandi guhuzwa hamwe nisesengura ryicyiciro cyangwa urusaku rwinshi rwurusaku rwinshi kugirango rwumve inkomoko y urusaku kandi rutezimbere igishushanyo mbonera cya laser, kugirango bigere kumusaruro uhamye wa lazeri ntoya.
Reka turebere hamwe mubikorwa byo kugabanya umurongo mugari wibyiciro bitandukanye bya laseri.
Amashanyarazi ya Semiconductor afite ibyiza byubunini buke, gukora neza, kuramba hamwe ninyungu zubukungu.
Fabry-Perot (FP) optique resonator ikoreshwa mubisanzweicyuma gikoreshamuri rusange iranyeganyega muburyo bwinshi-burebure, kandi ubugari bwumurongo bwagutse buragutse cyane, birakenewe rero kongera ibitekerezo bya optique kugirango tubone ibisubizo byumurongo mugari.
Ibitekerezo byatanzwe (DFB) hamwe na Bragg yagaragajwe (DBR) nibintu bibiri bisanzwe byimbere byimbere ibitekerezo bya semiconductor laseri.Bitewe n'akantu gato ko gusya hamwe no guhitamo kwiza kwinshi, biroroshye kugera kumurongo uhamye wumurongo umwe muto.Itandukaniro nyamukuru hagati yinzego zombi ni umwanya wo gusya: imiterere ya DFB isanzwe ikwirakwiza imiterere yigihe cya Bragg grating muri resonator yose, kandi resonator ya DBR mubusanzwe igizwe nuburyo bwo gushimangira ibyerekezo hamwe nakarere kunguka byinjijwemo iherezo.Mubyongeyeho, laseri ya DFB ikoresha ibyashizwemo hamwe nibisobanuro bito byerekana ibintu bitandukanijwe kandi bitagaragara.Lazeri ya DBR ikoresha ibishimisha hejuru hamwe nibisobanuro bihanitse byerekana itandukaniro hamwe no kwerekana cyane.Izi nyubako zombi zifite intera nini yubusa kandi irashobora gukora uburebure bwumurongo udafite uburyo bwo gusimbuka muburyo bwa nanometero nkeya, aho laser ya DBR ifite intera yagutse kuruta iLaser.Mubyongeyeho, tekinoroji yo hanze ya optique yo gukoresha ibitekerezo, ikoresha ibintu bya optique yo hanze kugirango isubize urumuri rugenda rwa semiconductor laser chip hanyuma uhitemo inshuro, birashobora kandi kumenya imikorere yoroheje ya laser ya semiconductor.
(2) Ibikoresho bya fibre
Fibre ya fibre ifite pompe ihindura neza, ireme ryiza ryibiti hamwe no guhuza neza, nizo ngingo zishyushye mubushakashatsi bwa laser.Mu rwego rwamakuru yamakuru, laseri ya fibre ihuza neza na sisitemu yo gutumanaho ya optique ya optique ku isoko.Umuyoboro umwe wa fibre laser hamwe nibyiza byubugari bwumurongo muto, urusaku ruto hamwe no guhuza neza byabaye kimwe mubyerekezo byingenzi byiterambere.
Imikorere imwe ya longitudinal imikorere niyo ntandaro ya fibre laser kugirango igere kumurongo ugutse-ubugari busohoka, mubisanzwe ukurikije imiterere ya resonator ya fibre fibre imwe ya fibre irashobora kugabanywa muburyo bwa DFB, ubwoko bwa DBR nubwoko bwimpeta.Muri byo, ihame ryakazi rya DFB na DBR inshuro imwe ya fibre fibre isa niyya DFB na DBR semiconductor laseri.
Nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo 1, DFB fibre laser ni ukwandika gukwirakwiza Bragg grating muri fibre.Kuberako uburebure bwumurongo wa oscillator bugira ingaruka kumwanya wa fibre, uburyo burebure burashobora gutoranywa binyuze mubitekerezo byatanzwe byo gusya.Laser resonator ya DBR laser isanzwe ikorwa na fibre ya fibre Bragg, kandi uburyo bumwe bwa longitudinal bwatoranijwe ahanini nitsinda rito hamwe na fibre nkeya ya Bragg.Nyamara, kubera resonator ndende, imiterere igoye no kutagira uburyo bunoze bwo kuvangura inshuro nyinshi, umwobo umeze nkimpeta ukunda kwizerwa, kandi biragoye gukora neza muburyo buhoraho burigihe kirekire.
Igishushanyo 1, Inzira ebyiri zisanzwe zigizwe numurongo umwelaseri
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-27-2023