Ubushakashatsi Bushya ku gikoresho cyo gupima amafoto cy'inkangu kiri mu rugero rwo hasi

Ubushakashatsi Bushya ku gikoresho cyo gupima amafoto cy'inkangu kiri mu rugero rwo hasi

Gupima ikoranabuhanga rya "short-photon" cyangwa "single-photon" mu buryo bworoshye bifite amahirwe menshi yo gukoresha mu nzego zitandukanye nko gufata amashusho mu buryo bwihuse, kubona amashusho ari kure no gukoresha telemetry, ndetse no gutumanaho mu buryo bwa "quantum". Muri zo, "avalanche photodetectors" (APD) zabaye icyerekezo cy'ingenzi mu bushakashatsi ku bikoresho bya optoelectronic bitewe n'uko ari bito, imikorere myiza no guhuza byoroshye. Igipimo cy'urusaku ku gipimo cy'ikirahure (SNR) ni ikimenyetso cy'ingenzi cya APD Photodetector, gisaba "gain" nyinshi n'umuraba muto w'umwijima. Ubushakashatsi ku bikoresho bya "two-dimensional" (2D) bya van der Waals heterojunctions bugaragaza amahirwe menshi mu iterambere rya "high-performance APDs". Abashakashatsi bo mu Bushinwa bahisemo "bipolar two-dimensional semiconductor material WSe₂" nk'ibikoresho byoroshye kubona amashusho, maze bategura neza imiterere ya Pt/WSe₂/Ni.Imashini ipima amashusho ya APDhamwe n'imikorere myiza yo guhuza akazi kugira ngo bikemure ikibazo cy'urusaku rw'ibintu bisanzwe bya APD isanzwe.

Abashakashatsi batanze igitekerezo cyoicyuma gipima imiterere y'inkanguhashingiwe ku miterere ya Pt/WSe₂/Ni, bagera ku buryo bworoshye bwo kubona ibimenyetso by'urumuri bidakomeye cyane ku rwego rwa fW ku bushyuhe bw'icyumba. Bahisemo ibikoresho bya semiconductor bifite imiterere ibiri WSe₂, bifite imiterere myiza y'amashanyarazi, maze babihuza n'ibikoresho bya electrode bya Pt na Ni kugira ngo bakore neza ubwoko bushya bwa avalanche photodetector. Mu kunoza neza imikorere y'akazi hagati ya Pt, WSe₂ na Ni, hakozwe uburyo bwo gutwara bushobora kuzibira neza ibikoresho byijimye mu gihe mu buryo bwihariye byemerera ibikoresho byakozwe na photodetectors kunyuramo. Ubu buryo bugabanya cyane urusaku rwinshi ruterwa na carrier impact ionization, bigatuma photodetector ibasha kubona ibimenyetso by'urumuri bifite imiterere ikomeye ku rwego rwo hasi cyane rw'urusaku.

Ubu bushakashatsi bwerekana uruhare runini rw'ikoranabuhanga ry'ibikoresho no kunoza ikoreshwa ryabyo mu kunoza imikorere yagufotoraBinyuze mu buryo bw'ubuhanga bwo gushushanya electrodes n'ibikoresho bifite imiterere ibiri, ingaruka zo kurinda ibyuma byijimye byagejejweho, bigabanya cyane urusaku rwinshi kandi birushaho kunoza imikorere yo kumenya. Imikorere y'iki gikoresho cyo gupima amashanyarazi ntigaragarira gusa mu miterere yacyo y'amashanyarazi, ahubwo inafite amahirwe menshi yo kuyikoresha. Kubera ko gifunga neza umuriro wijimye mu bushyuhe bw'icyumba kandi gifata neza ibikoresho bikomoka ku ikoranabuhanga, iki gikoresho cyo gupima amashanyarazi kibereye cyane cyane mu kumenya ibimenyetso by'urumuri bike mu nzego nko kugenzura ibidukikije, kureba ikirere, no gutumanaho. Iki gikorwa cy'ubushakashatsi ntigitanga gusa ibitekerezo bishya byo guteza imbere ibikoresho byo gupima amashanyarazi bifite imiterere mito, ahubwo gitanga n'ibindi bisobanuro bishya ku bushakashatsi bw'ejo hazaza no guteza imbere ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga bikoresha ingufu nke kandi bikoresha ingufu nke.