Ubuhanga bushya bwa kwantumoteri

Ubuhanga bushya bwakumoteri

Kwisi kwinshi kwa silicon chip kwisigufotora

Vuba aha, itsinda ry’ubushakashatsi mu Bwongereza ryateye intambwe ikomeye muri miniaturizasiya y’ikoranabuhanga rya kwant, bahuza neza fotodetector ntoya ku isi muri chip ya silicon. Igikorwa cyiswe “A Bi-CMOS ya elegitoroniki ya fotonike ihuriweho n’umuzunguruko wa kwantumumucyo,” yasohotse muri Science Advances. Mu myaka ya za 1960, abahanga naba injeniyeri babanje guhinduranya mini tristoriste kuri microchips zihenze, agashya katangiye mugihe cyamakuru. Noneho, abahanga berekanye bwa mbere kwerekana kwifoto ya fotodetekeri yoroheje kuruta umusatsi wumuntu kuri chip ya silicon, bikatuzanira intambwe imwe yegereye ibihe bya tekinoroji ya kwant ikoresha urumuri. Kugirango tumenye igisekuru kizaza cyikoranabuhanga rigezweho, inganda nini zo gukora ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki na fotonike nini cyane. Gukora tekinoroji ya kwant mubucuruzi busanzwe ni ikibazo gihoraho kubushakashatsi bwa kaminuza hamwe namasosiyete kwisi. Kubasha gukora ibyuma bikora cyane bya kwant kumunani munini ningirakamaro kuri comptabilite, kuko no kubaka mudasobwa ya kwant bisaba umubare munini wibigize.

Abashakashatsi bo mu Bwongereza berekanye fotodetekeri ya kwant ifite ubuso bwuzuzanya bwa microne 80 gusa na mikoro 220. Ingano ntoya ituma kwifotora ya kwant yihuta cyane, nibyingenzi mugukingura umuvuduko mwinshiitumanaho rya kwantno gushoboza imikorere yihuse ya mudasobwa ya optique. Gukoresha tekinoroji yubucuruzi yashizweho kandi yubucuruzi byorohereza gukoresha hakiri kare mubindi bice byikoranabuhanga nko kumva no gutumanaho. Disikete zikoreshwa muburyo butandukanye bwa porogaramu muri kwant optique, irashobora gukora ku bushyuhe bwicyumba, kandi ikwiranye n’itumanaho rya kwant, ibyumviro byunvikana cyane nka reta igezweho ya rukuruzi ya rukuruzi ya rukuruzi, no mugushushanya kwant. mudasobwa.

Nubwo ibyo byuma byihuta kandi bito, nabyo birumva cyane. Urufunguzo rwo gupima urumuri rwa kwant ni ukumva urusaku rwa kwant. Ubukanishi bwa Quantum butanga urwego ruto, rwibanze rwurusaku muri sisitemu zose za optique. Imyitwarire yuru rusaku ihishura amakuru yubwoko bwurumuri rwa kwant rwandujwe muri sisitemu, rushobora kumenya ibyiyumvo bya sensor optique, kandi rushobora gukoreshwa muburyo bwo kubara imibare. Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko gukora optique ya optique ntoya kandi yihuse ntibyabujije kumva ko gupima imiterere ya kwant. Mu bihe biri imbere, abashakashatsi barateganya guhuza ibindi bikoresho bya tekinoroji ya kwantum ihungabanya urugero rwa chip, bikarushaho kunoza imikorere mishyaicyuma gipima, no kuyigerageza muburyo butandukanye bwa porogaramu. Kugirango disiketi iboneke cyane, itsinda ryubushakashatsi ryarayikoresheje ikoresheje amasoko aboneka mubucuruzi. Iri tsinda ariko rishimangira ko ari ngombwa gukomeza gukemura ibibazo by’inganda nini hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga rya kwant. Utarinze kwerekana kwipimisha kwinshi kwibyuma bikora, ingaruka nibyiza bya tekinoroji ya kwant bizatinda kandi bigaruke. Iterambere ryerekana intambwe yingenzi iganisha ku ntera nini ya porogaramu yatekinoroji ya kwant, hamwe na kazoza ka comptabilite na kwant itumanaho yuzuye ibishoboka bitagira iherezo.

Igishushanyo 2: Igishushanyo mbonera cyihame ryibikoresho.