Umugozi w'itumanaho ry'amajwi, resonator y'amajwi ikoze mu buryo bworoshye cyane

Umugozi w'itumanaho ry'amajwi, resonator y'amajwi ikoze mu buryo bworoshye cyane
Resonateur z'urumuri zishobora kumenya aho imiraba y'urumuri iherereye mu mwanya muto, kandi zikagira akamaro kanini mu mikoranire y'urumuri n'ibintu bifatika,itumanaho ry'amaso, uburyo bwo kubona urumuri, no guhuza urumuri. Ingano ya resonator ishingiye ahanini ku miterere y'ibikoresho n'uburebure bw'umurambararo w'imikorere, urugero, resonator za silikoni zikorera mu gice cy'urukiramende cya infrared gikunze gusaba imiterere y'urukiramende ifite nanometero amagana no hejuru. Mu myaka ya vuba aha, resonator z'urukiramende za planar ziciriritse cyane zakunzwe cyane bitewe n'uko zishobora gukoreshwa mu ibara ry'imiterere, amashusho ya holographic, kugenzura urumuri n'ibikoresho bya optoelectronic. Uburyo bwo kugabanya ubunini bwa resonator za planar ni kimwe mu bibazo bigoye abashakashatsi bahura nabyo.
Bitandukanye n'ibikoresho bisanzwe bya semiconductor, ibikoresho bya 3D topological insulators (nka bismuth telluride, antimoni telluride, bismuth selenide, nibindi) ni ibikoresho bishya by'amakuru bifite imiterere y'ubuso bw'icyuma kirinzwe na topological hamwe n'imiterere y'insulator. Imiterere y'ubuso irinzwe n'uburinganire bw'igihe, kandi electron zayo ntizitatanijwe n'imyanda itari magnetique, ifite amahirwe akomeye yo gukoreshwa mu bikoresho bya quantum computing bifite imbaraga nkeya na spintronic. Muri icyo gihe, ibikoresho bya topological insulators nabyo bigaragaza imiterere myiza y'urumuri, nko kugira imiterere myinshi ya refractive, nonlinear nini.itara ry'amasocoefficient, wide functioning spectrum range, tuningability, coherent integration, nibindi, bitanga urubuga rushya rwo gushyira mu bikorwa amabwiriza agenga urumuri noibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga.
Itsinda ry’abashakashatsi mu Bushinwa ryatanze igitekerezo cy’uburyo bwo gukora resonators z’urumuri ziciriritse cyane hakoreshejwe nanofilms zikura ahantu hanini zikura bismuth telluride topological insulator. Umwobo w’urumuri ugaragaza imiterere igaragara yo kwinjiza resonance mu gice cya hafi cya infrared. Bismuth telluride ifite igipimo cyo kwinjiza resonance kinini cyane kirenga 6 mu gice cy’itumanaho ry’urumuri (kireshya igipimo cyo kwinjiza resonance cy’ibikoresho gakondo bifite igipimo cyo kwinjiza resonance kinini nka silicon na germanium), ku buryo ubunini bw’aho umwobo w’urumuri bushobora kugera kuri kimwe cya makumyabiri cy’uburebure bw’umurambararo. Muri icyo gihe, resonator y’urumuri ishyirwa ku gikoresho cya fotonike gifite imiterere imwe, kandi ingaruka nshya zo kugaragara mu gice cy’itumanaho ry’urumuri zigaragara, bitewe no guhuza resonator na plasmone ya Tamm no kubangamira kwayo kwangiza. Uburyo spectral yitabira iyi ngaruka biterwa n’ubunini bwa resonator y’urumuri kandi irakomeye ku mpinduka z’igipimo cyo kwinjiza resonance mu kirere. Uyu murimo ufungura uburyo bushya bwo gushyira mu bikorwa umwobo w’urumuri uciriritse, imiterere y’ibikoresho bya topological insulator hamwe n’ibikoresho bya optoelectronic.
Nkuko bigaragara ku ishusho ya 1a na 1b, resonator y'urumuri igizwe ahanini n'icyuma gikingira ikirere cya bismuth telluride na nanofilms z'ifeza. Nanofilms za bismuth telluride zakozwe na magnetron sputtering zifite ubuso bunini kandi zigororotse. Iyo ubunini bwa bismuth telluride na filime z'ifeza ari 42 nm na 30 nm, uko bikurikirana, umwobo w'urumuri ugaragaza ubushobozi bwo kwinjiza neza mu mugozi wa 1100 ~ 1800 nm (Ishusho ya 1c). Ubwo abashakashatsi bahuzaga iyi cavity y'urumuri ku gikoresho cya fotoniki gikozwe mu duce dutandukanye twa Ta2O5 (182 nm) na SiO2 (260 nm) (Ishusho ya 1e), ikibaya cyihariye cyo kwinjiza (Ishusho ya 1f) cyagaragaye hafi y'agasongero k'umwimerere k'urumuri (~1550 nm), bisa n'ingaruka z'ubukonje ziterwa na electromagnetically induced transparency effects zikorwa na sisitemu za atome.

Ibikoresho bya bismuth telluride byaranzwe na mikoroskopi ya elegitoroniki yo kohereza na ellipsometry. Ishusho ya 2a-2c igaragaza mikorografi za elegitoroniki zo kohereza (amashusho afite ubushobozi bwo hejuru) n'imiterere ya electron diffraction yatoranijwe ya nanofilms za bismuth telluride. Bigaragara ku ishusho ko nanofilms za bismuth telluride zateguwe ari ibikoresho bya polycrystalline, kandi icyerekezo cy'ingenzi cyo gukura ni (015) crystal plane. Ishusho ya 2d-2f igaragaza index ya refractive ya bismuth telluride ipimwa hakoreshejwe ellipmeter hamwe na index ya refractive ya face and state. Ibisubizo bigaragaza ko coefficient yo kuzimira y'imiterere y'ubuso iruta index ya refractive iri hagati ya 230 ~ 1930 nm, igaragaza imiterere isa n'icyuma. Igipimo cyo kugarura ubushyuhe bw'umubiri kirenze 6 iyo uburebure bw'umurambararo burenze 1385 nm, kikaba kiri hejuru cyane kurusha ubw'icyuma cya silikoni, germanium n'ibindi bikoresho bisanzwe bifite igipimo cyo kugarura ubushyuhe bwinshi muri uru rubavu, bishyiraho urufatiro rwo gutegura resonators z'urumuri ziciriritse cyane. Abashakashatsi bavuga ko iki ari cyo gikorwa cya mbere cyatangajwe cy'umwobo w'urumuri ufata ikirere ufite ubugari bwa nanometero icumi gusa mu rubavu rw'itumanaho rw'urumuri. Nyuma yaho, spectrum y'ubushyuhe n'uburebure bw'umurambararo by'urumuri rugufi cyane byapimwe hakoreshejwe ubugari bwa bismuth telluride. Amaherezo, ingaruka z'ubugari bwa filime y'ifeza ku miterere y'urumuri iterwa na electromagnetic mu miterere ya bismuth telluride nanocavity/photonic crystal zirasuzumwa.

Mu gutegura uduce duto tw’ubuso bunini bw’ibice bikingira imiterere y’ubutaka bya bismuth telluride, no gukoresha uburyo bwo kugabanya cyane ubushyuhe bw’ibikoresho bya Bismuth telluride mu gice cyo hafi ya infrared, haboneka umwobo w’urumuri ufite ubugari bwa nanometero icumi gusa. Umwobo w’urumuri woroheje cyane ushobora kwinjiza urumuri rw’urumuri mu gice cyo hafi cya infrared, kandi ufite akamaro kanini mu iterambere ry’ibikoresho bya optoelectronic mu gice cyo gutumanaho cy’urumuri. Ubunini bw’umwobo w’urumuri wa bismuth telluride bugera ku murongo ugana ku murambararo w’uburebure bw’urumuri, kandi ni buto ugereranyije n’umwobo w’urumuri wa silikoni na germanium bisa. Muri icyo gihe, umwobo w’urumuri wa bismuth telluride uhuzwa na crystal ya photonic kugira ngo ugere ku ngaruka mbi z’urumuri nk’uko sisitemu ya atome igaragara, itanga uburyo bushya bwo kugenzura imiterere y’imiterere y’urumuri. Ubu bushakashatsi bufite uruhare runini mu guteza imbere ubushakashatsi ku bikoresho bya optological insulator mu kugenzura urumuri n’ibikoresho bikora.