Uburyo bwiza bwo guhuza ibintu hamwe nubukwe bwabo kuri chip: gusubiramo

Uburyo bwiza bwo guhuza tekinike nubukwe bwabo kuri chip naitumanaho rya fibre optique: isubiramo

Uburyo bwiza bwo guhuza ibintu ni ingingo yihutirwa yubushakashatsi, kandi intiti kwisi yose zirimo gukora ubushakashatsi bwimbitse muriki gice. Mu myaka yashize, tekinoroji ya Multlex igizwe na tekinike nka WDM), kugabana uburyo bwo kugwiza (MDM), kugabana umwanya wo kugabana (SDM), guhuza polarisiyasi (PDM) hamwe na orbital angular momentum multiplexing (OAMM). Ikwirakwizwa rya Wavelength multiplexing (WDM) ituma ibimenyetso bibiri cyangwa byinshi bya optique byuburebure butandukanye bwoherezwa icyarimwe binyuze muri fibre imwe, bigakoresha byimazeyo ibimenyetso biranga igihombo cya fibre murwego runini. Igitekerezo cyatanzwe bwa mbere na Delange mu 1970, kandi kugeza mu 1977 ni bwo ubushakashatsi bwibanze bw’ikoranabuhanga rya WDM bwatangiye, bwibanze ku ikoreshwa ry’itumanaho. Kuva icyo gihe, hamwe niterambere rihoraho ryafibre optique, isoko yumucyo, gufotoranizindi nzego, ubushakashatsi bwabantu kuri tekinoroji ya WDM nabwo bwihuse. Ibyiza byo guhuza polarisiyonike (PDM) nuko umubare wogukwirakwiza ibimenyetso ushobora kugwizwa, kubera ko ibimenyetso bibiri byigenga bishobora gukwirakwizwa kuri orthogonal polarisation yumwanya umwe wumucyo umwe, kandi imiyoboro ibiri ya polarisiyasi iratandukanye kandi yigenga yigenga kuri kwakira iherezo.

Mugihe icyifuzo cyibiciro biri hejuru gikomeje kwiyongera, urwego rwa nyuma rwubwisanzure bwo kugwiza ibintu, umwanya, rwizwe cyane mumyaka icumi ishize. Muri byo, uburyo bwo kugabana uburyo (MDM) butangwa ahanini na N transmitter, ibyo bikaba bigaragazwa nuburyo bugaragara. Hanyuma, ikimenyetso gishyigikiwe nuburyo butandukanye bwoherejwe kuri fibre yo hasi. Mugihe cyo gukwirakwiza ibimenyetso, uburyo bwose kumurongo umwe wuburebure bufatwa nkigice cyumwanya wa super Division multiplexing (SDM) super umuyoboro, ni ukuvuga ko wongerewe imbaraga, ugahuza kandi ukongerwaho icyarimwe, utabashije kugera kuburyo butandukanye bwo gutunganya. Muri MDM, imiterere itandukanye (ni ukuvuga imiterere itandukanye) yikigereranyo ihabwa imiyoboro itandukanye. Kurugero, umuyoboro woherejwe hejuru ya lazeri imeze nka mpandeshatu, kare, cyangwa uruziga. Imiterere ikoreshwa na MDM mubikorwa nyabyo-isi iraruhije kandi ifite imibare yihariye numubiri. Iyi tekinoroji twavuga ko ari intambwe ikomeye mu mpinduramatwara mu kohereza amakuru ya fibre optique kuva mu myaka ya za 1980. Ikoranabuhanga rya MDM ritanga ingamba nshya zo gushyira mu bikorwa imiyoboro myinshi no kongera ubushobozi bwo guhuza ukoresheje umutwaro umwe w’umurongo. Orbital angular momentum (OAM) ni ikintu kiranga umubiri wa electroniki ya magnetiki aho inzira yo gukwirakwizwa igenwa nicyerekezo cya fonctionnement. Kubera ko iyi mikorere ishobora gukoreshwa mugushiraho imiyoboro inyuranye itandukanye, simusiga ya orbital angular momentum multiplexing (OAMM) irashobora kongera neza umuvuduko wogukwirakwiza murwego rwo hejuru-rwoherejwe (nka simusiga inyuma cyangwa imbere).