Uburyo bwo gukora multiplexing y'amajwi n'uburyo ikoreshwa kuri on-chip: isuzuma

Uburyo bwo gukora multiplexing y'amajwi n'uburyo ikoreshwa kuri mudasobwa na mudasobwaitumanaho rya fibre optique: isuzuma

Ubuhanga bwo gupima urumuri ni ingingo yihutirwa y’ubushakashatsi, kandi intiti hirya no hino ku isi zirimo gukora ubushakashatsi bwimbitse muri uru rwego. Mu myaka yashize, ikoranabuhanga ryinshi rya multiplex nka wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), mode division multiplexing (MDM), space division multiplexing (SDM), polarization multiplexing (PDM) na orbital angular momentum multiplexing (OAMM) ryatanzwe. Ikoranabuhanga rya Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) rituma ibimenyetso bibiri cyangwa byinshi by’uburebure butandukanye byoherezwa icyarimwe binyuze muri fibre imwe, bigakoresha neza imiterere y’igihombo gito cya fibre mu rugero runini rw’uburebure. Iyi nyigisho yatanzwe bwa mbere na Delange mu 1970, kandi kugeza mu 1977 ni bwo ubushakashatsi bw’ibanze bwa WDM bwatangiye, bwibanze ku ikoreshwa ry’imiyoboro y’itumanaho. Kuva icyo gihe, hamwe n’iterambere rikomeje ryafibre y'urumuri, isoko y'urumuri, icyuma gipima foton'izindi nzego, ubushakashatsi bw'abantu ku ikoranabuhanga rya WDM nabwo bwihuse. Akamaro ko gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi mu buryo bwa polarization multiplexing (PDM) ni uko ingano y'ihererekanya ry'ibimenyetso ishobora gukuba, kuko ibimenyetso bibiri byigenga bishobora gukwirakwizwa ahantu hahuza amashanyarazi mu buryo bwa orthogonal bw'urumuri rumwe, kandi imiyoboro ibiri ya polarization itandukanywa kandi ikamenyekana ku ruhande rwakira.

Uko icyifuzo cy’umuvuduko w’amakuru ukomeza kwiyongera, urwego rwa nyuma rw’ubwisanzure bwa multiplexing, space, rwigwa cyane mu myaka icumi ishize. Muri byo, mode division multiplexing (MDM) ikorwa ahanini na N transmitters, igerwaho na spatial mode multiplexer. Amaherezo, ikimenyetso gishyigikiwe na spatial mode cyoherezwa kuri fibre yo mu buryo bwo hasi. Mu gihe cyo gukwirakwiza ibimenyetso, uburyo bwose buri ku bunini bumwe bufatwa nk'igice cya Space Division multiplexing (SDM) super channel, ni ukuvuga ko byongera, bigabanywa kandi byongerwa icyarimwe, bitashoboye kugera ku gutunganya mode ukwabyo. Muri MDM, imiterere itandukanye y’ahantu (ni ukuvuga imiterere itandukanye) y’ishusho ishyirwa ku miyoboro itandukanye. Urugero, umuyoboro woherezwa hejuru y’umuyoboro wa laser umeze nk’impandeshatu, kare, cyangwa uruziga. Imiterere ikoreshwa na MDM mu bikorwa nyabyo iragoye cyane kandi ifite imiterere yihariye y’imibare n’iy’umubiri. Iri koranabuhanga rishobora kuba ari ryo terambere rikomeye mu kohereza amakuru ya fiber optique kuva mu myaka ya 1980. Ikoranabuhanga rya MDM ritanga ingamba nshya zo gushyira mu bikorwa imiyoboro myinshi no kongera ubushobozi bw'imiyoboro hakoreshejwe umuyoboro umwe w'uburebure. Umuvuduko w'ingufu za orbital (OAM) ni imiterere igaragara y'imiraba ya electromagnetic aho inzira yo gukwirakwiza igenwa n'umuvuduko w'ingufu za helical. Kubera ko iki kintu gishobora gukoreshwa mu gushyiraho imiyoboro myinshi itandukanye, umuvuduko w'ingufu za orbital za wireless (OAMM) ushobora kongera neza igipimo cyo kohereza mu buryo bwo kohereza mu buryo bwo hejuru (nk'ingufu za backhaul cyangwa imbere).