Uburyo bwo gupima optique hamwe n'uburyo bukoreshwa mu gutumanaho kuri optique na optique fibre

Itsinda ry’abashakashatsi rya Porofeseri Khonina wo mu Kigo cy’Ubushakashatsi ku Miterere y’Amashusho cy’Ishuri Rikuru ry’Ubumenyi ry’Abarusiya ryasohoye inyandiko yise “Ubuhanga bwo gupima amashusho n’imibanire yazo” muriOpto-ElectronicIterambere rya mudasobwa zigendanwa naitumanaho rya fibre optiqueIsuzuma. Itsinda ry'ubushakashatsi rya Porofeseri Khonina ryakoze ibintu byinshi by'urumuri bitanga imirasire y'izuba kugira ngo bishyirwe mu bikorwa bya MDM mu mwanya udafite aho ubogamiye no mufibre optique. Ariko uburyo bwo kohereza amakuru kuri interineti ni nk' "imyenda yawe bwite", ntabwo ari nini cyane, ntabwo ihagije. Amakuru yavuye mu nzira yatumye abantu benshi bakenera amakuru menshi. Ubutumwa bugufi bwa email buri gusimburwa n'amashusho akoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho. Ku mbuga za interineti z'amakuru, videwo n'amajwi zari zifite uburyo bwinshi bwo kohereza amakuru kuri interineti mu myaka mike ishize, inzego z'itumanaho ubu zirashaka gufata uburyo budasanzwe bwo guhaza icyifuzo cy'uburyo bwo kohereza amakuru kuri interineti. Hashingiwe ku bunararibonye bwinshi yagize muri uru rwego rw'ubushakashatsi, Porofeseri Khonina yavuze mu buryo burambuye iterambere rigezweho kandi ry'ingenzi mu bijyanye no kohereza amakuru kuri interineti uko ashoboye kose. Ingingo zavuzwe muri iryo suzuma zirimo WDM, PDM, SDM, MDM, OAMM, n'ikoranabuhanga ritatu rivanze rya WDM-PDM, WDM-MDM, na PDM-MDM. Muri zo, hakoreshejwe gusa uburyo bwo kohereza amakuru kuri interineti kuri WDM-MDM, imiyoboro ya N×M ishobora kugerwaho binyuze mu buryo bwa N wavelengths na M guide modes.

Ikigo cy’Ubushakashatsi ku Miterere y’Amashusho cy’Ishuri Rikuru ry’Ubumenyi ry’Abarusiya (IPSI RAS, ubu ikaba ari ishami ry’Ikigo cy’Ubushakashatsi ku Buhanga mu bya Siyansi cya Federal Academy of Sciences “Crystallography and Photonics”) cyashinzwe mu 1988 hashingiwe ku itsinda ry’ubushakashatsi muri Kaminuza ya Leta ya Samara. Iri tsinda riyobowe na Victor Alexandrovich Soifer, umwe mu bagize Ishuri Rikuru ry’Ubumenyi ry’Abarusiya. Kimwe mu byerekezo by’ubushakashatsi bw’itsinda ry’ubushakashatsi ni uguteza imbere uburyo bw’imibare n’ubushakashatsi ku mirasire ya laser ifite imiyoboro myinshi. Ubu bushakashatsi bwatangiye mu 1982, ubwo ikintu cya mbere cy’urumuri gifite imiyoboro myinshi cyakozwe ku bufatanye n’itsinda ryahawe igihembo cya Nobel muri fiziki, Intiti Alexander Mikhailovich Prokhorov. Mu myaka yakurikiyeho, abahanga mu bya siyansi ba IPSI RAS batanze ibitekerezo, biga no kwiga ubwoko bwinshi bw’ibintu bya DOE kuri mudasobwa, hanyuma babikora mu buryo bwa hologram zitandukanye zifite imiterere ya laser ihindagurika. Ingero zirimo imirasire y'urumuri, uburyo bwa Lacroerre-Gauss, uburyo bwa Hermi-Gauss, uburyo bwa Bessel, imikorere ya Zernick (yo gusesengura ibintu bihindagurika), nibindi. Iyi DOE, ikozwe hakoreshejwe lithography ya electron, ikoreshwa mu gusesengura imirasire hashingiwe ku igabanuka ry'uburyo bw'urumuri. Ibisubizo byo gupima biboneka mu buryo bw'imibare y'urumuri ku ngingo zimwe na zimwe (imirongo y'urumuri) mu gice cya Fourier cy'umubumbe wasisitemu y'amasoNyuma y’ibyo, ihame ryakoreshejwe mu gukora imirasire ikomeye, ndetse no gukuramo imirasire myinshi mu mirasire y’urumuri, umwanya wigenga, n’ibirindiro bihindagurika hakoreshejwe DOE n’ahantuModulator z'urumuri.