Incamake ya lazeri

Incamake yalaseri

Inzira itaziguye yo kubyaralaserpulses ni ukongeramo modulator hanze ya laser ikomeza. Ubu buryo burashobora kubyara impanuka ya picosekond yihuta, nubwo yoroshye, ariko guta ingufu zumucyo nimbaraga zimpanuka ntibishobora kurenza imbaraga zumucyo uhoraho. Kubwibyo, uburyo bunoze bwo kubyara laser pulses nuguhindura mumyanya ya laser, kubika ingufu mugihe kitari gito cya gari ya moshi hanyuma ukayirekura mugihe. Ubuhanga bune busanzwe bukoreshwa mu kubyara impiswi binyuze muri laser cavity modulation ni inyungu zo guhinduranya, Q-guhinduranya (gutakaza igihombo), gusiba ubusa, no gufunga uburyo.

Inyungu ihindura ibyara impiswi muguhindura imbaraga za pompe. Kurugero, semiconductor yunguka-ihinduranya lazeri irashobora kubyara pulses kuva nanosekondi nkeya kugeza kuri picosekondi ijana ukoresheje modulasiyo. Nubwo imbaraga za pulse ziri hasi, ubu buryo buroroshye guhinduka, nko gutanga inshuro zishobora gusubiramo inshuro n'ubugari bwa pulse. Mu mwaka wa 2018, abashakashatsi bo muri kaminuza ya Tokiyo batangaje ko lazeri ya femtosekond yunguka yahinduwe na semiconductor, ibyo bikaba byerekana ko hari intambwe imaze guterwa mu myaka 40 ishize.

Imisemburo ikomeye ya nanosekond isanzwe ikorwa na Q-ihinduranya lazeri, isohoka mu ngendo nyinshi zizenguruka mu cyuho, kandi ingufu za pulse ziri mu ntera ya milijoules nyinshi kugeza kuri joules nyinshi, bitewe n'ubunini bwa sisitemu. Ingufu ziciriritse (muri rusange munsi ya 1 μJ) picosekond na pultosekond pulses ahanini biterwa na lazeri zifunze. Hariho ultrashort pulses imwe cyangwa nyinshi muri laser resonator izenguruka ubudasiba. Buri interacavity pulse yohereza impiswi binyuze mu ndorerwamo isohoka, kandi ubusanzwe buri hagati ya 10 MHz na 100 GHz. Igishushanyo gikurikira kirerekana gutandukana bisanzwe (ANDi) gutandukana soliton femtosecondibikoresho bya fibre laser, ibyinshi birashobora kubakwa hifashishijwe Thorlabs ibice bisanzwe (fibre, lens, mount na disikuru yimuka).

Ubuhanga bwo gusiba Cavity burashobora gukoreshwa kuriIkibazokubona impiswi ngufi na moderi ifunze laseri kugirango yongere imbaraga za pulse hamwe na rerequency yo hasi.

Umwanya wigihe hamwe ninshuro ya domaine pulses
Imiterere yumurongo wa pulse hamwe nigihe isanzwe iroroshye kandi irashobora kugaragazwa nibikorwa bya Gaussian na sech². Igihe cya pulse (kizwi kandi nk'ubugari bwa pulse) gikunze kugaragazwa n'ubugari bwa kimwe cya kabiri cy'ubugari (FWHM) agaciro, ni ukuvuga, ubugari bwambukiranya ingufu za optique byibuze kimwe cya kabiri cy'imbaraga zo hejuru; Q-yahinduwe laser itanga nanosekondi ngufi
Laser zifunze uburyo butanga ultra-bigufi pulses (USP) ukurikije gahunda ya picosekondi icumi kuri femtosekond. Ibikoresho byihuta bya elegitoroniki birashobora gupima gusa picosekondi icumi, kandi impiswi ngufi zishobora gupimwa gusa na tekinoroji ya optique gusa nka autocorrelator, FROG na SPIDER. Mugihe nanosekond cyangwa impiswi ndende bidashobora guhindura ubugari bwimpiswi mugihe bagenda, ndetse no kure cyane, impiswi ngufi zirashobora kwanduzwa nibintu bitandukanye:

Gutatana birashobora kuvamo impyisi nini yaguka, ariko irashobora gusubirwamo hamwe no gutandukana. Igishushanyo gikurikira cyerekana uburyo Thorlabs femtosekond pulse compressor yishyura microscope ikwirakwizwa.

Kutagira umurongo muri rusange ntabwo bigira ingaruka ku bugari bwa pulse, ariko byagura umurongo, bigatuma impyisi ishobora kwanduzwa mugihe cyo gukwirakwizwa. Ubwoko ubwo aribwo bwose bwa fibre, harimo nibindi byunguka itangazamakuru rifite umuvuduko muke, birashobora kugira ingaruka kumiterere yumurongo mugari cyangwa ultra-short pulse, kandi kugabanuka kwumuvuduko bishobora gutuma kwaguka mugihe; Hariho kandi aho ubugari bwimisemburo ya pulse ikomye cyane iba ngufi iyo spekiteri iba ndende.