Sisitemu y'ibikoresho bya fotonike integrated circuit (PIC)

Sisitemu y'ibikoresho bya fotonike integrated circuit (PIC)

Silicon photonics ni ishami rikoresha imiterere ishingiye ku bikoresho bya silicon kugira ngo riyobore urumuri kugira ngo rigere ku mirimo itandukanye. Aha twibanda ku ikoreshwa rya silicon photonics mu gukora transmitters na receiver zo gutumanaho bya fibre optique. Uko bikenewe kongeramo transmission nyinshi kuri bandwidth runaka, footprint runaka, n'ikiguzi runaka kikiyongera, silicon photonics irushaho kuba nziza mu bukungu. Ku gice cy'urumuri,Ikoranabuhanga ryo guhuza fotonibigomba gukoreshwa, kandi transceivers nyinshi zihuza muri iki gihe zubatswe hakoreshejwe modulators za LiNbO3/planar light-wave circuit (PLC) zitandukanye hamwe na InP/PLC receivers.

Ishusho ya 1: Igaragaza sisitemu zikoreshwa cyane zo gupima ikirere (PIC).

Ishusho ya 1 igaragaza sisitemu zizwi cyane za PIC. Uhereye ibumoso ugana iburyo hari silica PIC (izwi kandi nka PLC), insulator PIC (silicon photonics), lithium niobate (LiNbO3), na III-V group PIC, nka InP na GaAs. Iyi nyandiko yibanda kuri silicon-based photonics. Murifotoniki za silikoni, ikimenyetso cy'urumuri kigenda cyane cyane muri silikoni, ifite icyuho cy'umurongo utaziguye cya volti 1.12 (hamwe n'uburebure bwa mikoroni 1.1). Silikoni ihingwa mu buryo bwa kristu nziza mu itanura hanyuma igacibwamo wafer, ubusanzwe ifite umurambararo wa mm 300. Ubuso bwa wafer bushyirwamo ogisijeni kugira ngo bukore urwego rwa silikoni. Imwe muri wafer iterwamo atome za hydrogen ku burebure runaka. Wafer ebyiri zishyirwa mu cyuma gifunze hanyuma urwego rwazo rwa oxide rugafatana. Iteraniro ricika ku murongo wa hydrogen ion. Urukuta rwa silikoni ruri ku mucanga rurasenywa, amaherezo hagasigara urwego rworoshye rwa crystalline Si hejuru ya wafer ya silikoni "ifata" hejuru y'urwego rwa silikoni. Waveguides zikorwa muri uru rwego rworoshye rwa crystalline. Nubwo izi wafer zishingiye kuri silikoni (SOI) zituma waveguides za silikoni zitakaza agaciro gake, mu by'ukuri zikoreshwa cyane mu miyoboro ya CMOS ifite ingufu nke kubera umuvuduko muto w'amazi zitanga.

Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bushoboka bw'amakuru y'urumuri ashingiye kuri silicon, nk'uko bigaragara ku Ishusho ya 2. Ava kuri microscale germanium-doped silica waveguides kugeza kuri nanoscale Silicon Wire waveguides. Mu kuvanga germanium, birashoboka gukoragufotoran'amashanyarazi akoreshamodulators, ndetse wenda ndetse n'ibyuma bitera imbaraga mu ikoranabuhanga. Binyuze mu gukoresha silicon,modulator y'izubaishobora gukorwa. Hasi uhereye ibumoso ugana iburyo hari: silicon wire waveguide, silicon nitride waveguide, silicon oxynitride waveguide, thick silicon ridge waveguide, thin silicon nitride waveguide na doped silicon waveguide. Hejuru, uhereye ibumoso ugana iburyo, hari modulators zo kugabanya ubushyuhe, germanium photodetectors, na germaniumamplifiers z'urumuri.

Ishusho ya 2: Igice cy'uruhererekane rw'amashusho y'urumuri rw'amashanyarazi ashingiye kuri silikoni, kigaragaza ibihombo bisanzwe byo gukwirakwira n'ibipimo byo kugarura urumuri.