Polarization ya laser

Polarization ya laser

"Polarization" ni ikintu gisanzwe kiranga imirasire itandukanye ya laser, igenwa n'ihame ryo gushinga laser.umurimbo wa laserbikorwa n'imirasire ishyushye y'uduce duto dutanga urumuri turi mulaserImirasire iterwa n'ingufu ifite imiterere itangaje: iyo fotoni yo hanze igeze ku gace kari mu rwego rwo hejuru rw'ingufu, agace gatanga fotoni maze kagahinduka kakajya mu rwego rwo hasi rw'ingufu. Fotoni zikorwa muri ubu buryo zifite icyiciro kimwe, icyerekezo cyo gukwirakwira n'imiterere ya polarization nk'iy'amafotoni yo hanze. Iyo umugezi wa fotoni ukozwe muri laser, fotoni zose mu mugezi wa fotoni zisangiye icyiciro kimwe, icyerekezo cyo gukwirakwira, n'imiterere ya polarization. Kubwibyo, uburyo bwa laser longitudinal (frequency) bugomba kuba bwa polarized.

Si laser zose zirangwa n'ubwiyongere bw'ingufu. Imiterere y'ubwiyongere bw'ingufu ya laser iterwa n'ibintu byinshi, birimo:
1. Kugaragaza resonator: Kugira ngo hamenyekane ko hari fotoni nyinshi ziboneka aho hantu kugira ngo habeho imizunguruko ihamye mu mwobo kandi habehoitara rya laser, igice cyo ku mpera cy'ikirahure gikunze gushyirwaho firime yo kugarura urumuri. Dukurikije itegeko rya Fresnel, imikorere ya firime yo kugarura urumuri ifite ibyiciro byinshi ituma urumuri rwa nyuma rugaragara ruhinduka rukava ku mucyo karemano rukajya ku murongo.urumuri rwa polarized.
2. Ibiranga uburyo bwo gukuramo ibintu: gukora laser bishingiye ku mirasire ishyushye. Iyo atome zishyushye zitanga fotoni munsi y’ingufu za fotoni zo mu mahanga, izi fotoni zizunguruka mu cyerekezo kimwe (imiterere ya polarization) nk’iy’ifotoni zo mu mahanga, bigatuma laser igumana imiterere ihamye kandi yihariye ya polarization. Ndetse n’impinduka nto mu miterere ya polarization zizayungururwa na resonator kuko guhindagurika guhamye bidashobora kubaho.

Mu buryo nyabwo bwo gukora laser, plaque y'umuraba na crystal ya polarization bikunze gushyirwamo muri laser kugira ngo bikosore imiterere y'ubudahangarwa bwa resonator, bityo imiterere ya polarization mu gisenge iba yihariye. Ibi ntibituma ingufu za laser ziba nyinshi gusa, ahubwo binarinda igihombo giterwa no kudashobora kwivanga. Kubwibyo, imiterere ya polarization ya laser iterwa n'ibintu byinshi nko imiterere ya resonator, imiterere y'uburyo bwo gukura n'imiterere ya oscillation, kandi si ko buri gihe biba ari ibintu bidasanzwe.