Ubucucike bw'ingufu n'ubucucike bw'ingufu za laser

Ubucucike bw'ingufu n'ubucucike bw'ingufu za laser

Ubucucike ni ingano y'umubiri tuzi cyane mu buzima bwacu bwa buri munsi, ubucucike duhura nabwo cyane ni ubucucike bw'ibikoresho, formula ni ρ = ​​m / v, ni ukuvuga ko ubucucike bungana n'uburemere bugabanijwe n'ingano. Ariko ubucucike bw'imbaraga n'ubucucike bw'ingufu bya laser biratandukanye, hano bigabanyijwe n'agace aho kuba ingano. Ingufu nazo ni uburyo duhura na ingano nyinshi z'umubiri, kuko dukoresha amashanyarazi buri munsi, amashanyarazi azasaba ingufu, urwego mpuzamahanga rw'ingufu ni W, ni ukuvuga J / s, ni igipimo cy'ingufu n'igihe, urwego mpuzamahanga rw'ingufu ni J. Rero ubucucike bw'imbaraga ni igitekerezo cyo guhuza imbaraga n'ubucucike, ariko hano ni agace k'imirasire y'ahantu aho kuba ingano, ingufu zigabanijwe n'agace k'aho usohora ni ubucucike bw'ingufu, ni ukuvuga, urwego rw'ubucucike bw'ingufu ni W / m2, kandi muriagace ka laser, kubera ko agace k'aho imirasire ya laser igera ari gato cyane, bityo muri rusange W/cm2 ikoreshwa nk'igice. Ubucucike bw'ingufu bukurwa ku gitekerezo cy'igihe, buhuza ingufu n'ubucucike, kandi igice ni J/cm2. Ubusanzwe, laser zikomeza zisobanurwa hakoreshejwe ubucucike bw'ingufu, mu gihelaser zikoresha pulsebisobanurwa hakoreshejwe ubucucike bw'ingufu n'ubucucike bw'ingufu.

Iyo laser ikora, ubucucike bw'ingufu busanzwe bugena niba umupaka wo gusenya, cyangwa gukuraho, cyangwa ibindi bikoresho bikora ugeze ku mupaka. Umupaka ni igitekerezo gikunze kugaragara iyo higwa uburyo laser ikorana n'ibintu. Ku kwiga uburyo laser ikorana n'ibintu bigufi (bishobora gufatwa nk'icyiciro cya us), ultra-short pulse (bishobora gufatwa nk'icyiciro cya ns), ndetse n'ibikoresho bya laser byihuta cyane (ps na fs stage), abashakashatsi ba mbere bakunze gufata igitekerezo cy'ubucucike bw'ingufu. Iki gitekerezo, ku rwego rw'imikoranire, kigaragaza ingufu zikora ku ntego kuri buri gace, mu gihe laser yo ku rwego rumwe, iki kiganiro gifite akamaro kanini.

Hariho kandi urwego rw'ubucucike bw'ingufu zo guterwa n'umuvuduko umwe w'ingufu. Ibi kandi bituma inyigo y'imikoranire ya laser-matter irushaho kugorana. Ariko, ibikoresho by'igerageza byo muri iki gihe bihora bihinduka, ubugari butandukanye bw'umuvuduko, ingufu za single pulse, inshuro zo gusubiramo n'ibindi bipimo bihora bihinduka, ndetse bigomba no gusuzuma umusaruro nyawo wa laser mu ihindagurika ry'ingufu za pulse mu gihe cy'ubucucike bw'ingufu kugira ngo bipimwe, bishobora kuba bikomeye cyane. Muri rusange, bishobora gufatwa nk'aho ubucucike bw'ingufu bugabanijwe n'ubugari bwa pulse ari ubucucike bw'ingufu z'igihe (menya ko ari igihe, atari umwanya). Ariko, biragaragara ko imiterere nyayo ya laser ishobora kuba atari urukiramende, umuraba kare, cyangwa se bell cyangwa Gaussian, kandi bimwe bigenwa n'imiterere ya laser ubwayo, ifite imiterere irushijeho kuba myiza.

Ubugari bw'imitsi bukunze gutangwa n'ubugari bw'igice cy'uburebure butangwa na oscilloscope (FWHM yuzuye igice cy'ubugari), bituma tubara agaciro k'ubucucike bw'imbaraga uhereye ku bucucike bw'ingufu, buri hejuru. Uburebure n'ubugari bikwiye cyane bigomba kubarwa n'uburebure n'ubugari bw'igice cy'ingenzi. Nta bushakashatsi bwimbitse bwakozwe ku bijyanye no kumenya niba hari igipimo cy'ingenzi cyo kumenya. Ku bucucike bw'ingufu ubwazo, mu gihe cyo kubara, akenshi birashoboka gukoresha ingufu z'imitsi imwe kugira ngo ubare, ingufu z'imitsi imwe/ubugari bw'imitsi/agace k'ahantu, ari byo mbaraga mpuzandengo y'ahantu, hanyuma ukikuba na 2, ku mbaraga z'umutsi (ikwirakwizwa ry'ahantu ni Gauss distribution ni uburyo bwo kuvura, ntabwo ari ngombwa kubikora), hanyuma ukikuba na radial distribution expression, Kandi urarangije.