Ihame ryo gukonjesha hakoreshejwe laser n'ikoreshwa ryayo kuri atome zikonje
Muri fiziki y’atome ikonje, akazi kenshi ko kugerageza gasaba kugenzura uduce duto (gufunga atome za ioni, nk'amasaha ya atome), kuzigabanya umuvuduko, no kunoza uburyo bwo gupima. Hamwe n'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga rya laser, gukonjesha kwa laser byatangiye gukoreshwa cyane muri atome ikonje.
Ku gipimo cya atome, ishingiro ry'ubushyuhe ni umuvuduko uduce duto tugenda. Gukonjesha hakoreshejwe laser ni ugukoresha fotoni na atome mu guhanahana umuvuduko, bityo bikanoza atome. Urugero, niba atome ifite umuvuduko ujya imbere, hanyuma ikayikurura fotoni iguruka igenda mu cyerekezo gitandukanye, umuvuduko wayo uzagabanuka. Ibi ni nk'umupira ugenda imbere ku byatsi, iyo udasunitswe n'izindi mbaraga, uzahagarara bitewe n' "uburinzi" buterwa no gukora ku byatsi.
Uku ni ugukonjesha kwa atome hakoreshejwe laser, kandi inzira ni uruziga. Kandi ni ukubera uru ruziga atome zikomeza gukonjesha.
Muri ibi, uburyo bworoshye bwo gukonjesha ni ugukoresha ingaruka za Doppler.
Ariko, ntabwo atome zose zishobora gukonjeshwa na lasers, kandi "impinduka y'uruziga" igomba kuboneka hagati y'urwego rwa atome kugira ngo ibi bigerweho. Ni mu mpinduka z'uruziga gusa zishobora kugerwaho no gukomeza gukonjesha.
Kuri ubu, kubera ko atome y'icyuma cya alkali (nka Na) ifite electron imwe gusa mu gice cyo hanze, kandi electron ebyiri mu gice cyo hanze cy'itsinda ry'isi ya alkali (nka Sr) nazo zishobora gufatwa nk'uko zisanzwe, urugero rw'ingufu z'izi atome ebyiri rworoshye cyane, kandi biroroshye kugera ku "mpinduka y'uruziga", bityo atome ubu zikonjeshwa n'abantu ni atome zoroheje z'icyuma cya alkali cyangwa atome z'isi ya alkali.
Ihame ryo gukonjesha hakoreshejwe laser n'ikoreshwa ryayo kuri atome zikonje
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kamena-25-2023