Itumanaho rya Quantum: molekile, ubutaka budakunze kuboneka n'iry'urumuri

Ikoranabuhanga ry'amakuru rya Quantum ni ikoranabuhanga rishya ry'amakuru rishingiye ku buryo bwa quantum, rishyiraho, rigateranya kandi rigatanga amakuru afatika ari murisisitemu ya quantumIterambere n'ikoreshwa ry'ikoranabuhanga rya quantum bizatugeza mu "gihe cya quantum", kandi bidufashe kubona umusaruro mwiza mu kazi, uburyo bwo gutumanaho bufite umutekano ndetse n'ubuzima bworoshye kandi butangiza ibidukikije.

Ubushobozi bw'itumanaho hagati ya sisitemu za quantum buterwa n'ubushobozi bwazo bwo gukorana n'urumuri. Ariko, biragoye cyane kubona ibikoresho bishobora kubyaza umusaruro imiterere ya quantum ya optique.

Vuba aha, itsinda ry’abashakashatsi bo mu Kigo cy’Ubutabire i Paris n’Ikigo cy’Ikoranabuhanga cya Karlsruhe bagaragaje ubushobozi bwa kristu ishingiye kuri iyoni za europium zidasanzwe (Eu³ +) mu gukoreshwa muri sisitemu ya quantum y’urumuri. Basanze ko imyuka y’ubugari bwa ultra-narrow linewidth y’iyi kristu ya Eu³ + ituma habaho imikoranire myiza n’urumuri kandi ifite akamaro kanini muriitumanaho rya quantumn'ibarura rya quantum.

Ishusho ya 1: Itumanaho rya Quantum rishingiye ku kristu za molekile za rare earth europium

Imiterere ya Quantum ishobora gushyirwa hejuru y’ifatizo, bityo amakuru ya Quantum ashobora gushyirwa hejuru y’ifatizo. Qubit imwe ishobora guhagararira icyarimwe imiterere itandukanye hagati ya 0 na 1, bigatuma amakuru atunganywa icyarimwe mu byiciro. Kubera iyo mpamvu, imbaraga z’ibarura za mudasobwa za quantum ziziyongera cyane ugereranije na mudasobwa zisanzwe za digitale. Ariko, kugira ngo zikore ibikorwa byo kubara, superposition ya qubits igomba kuba ishobora gukomeza igihe kirekire. Muri quantum mechanics, iki gihe cyo guhagarara kizwi nka coherence lifetime. Kuzunguruka kwa nuclear kwa molekile zikomeye bishobora kugera ku miterere ya superposition hamwe n’igihe kirekire cyumye kuko ingaruka z’ibidukikije ku kuzunguruka kwa nuclear ziba zirinzwe neza.

Iyoni z'isi zidasanzwe na kristu za molekile ni sisitemu ebyiri zakoreshejwe mu ikoranabuhanga rya quantum. Iyoni z'isi zidasanzwe zifite imiterere myiza y'izuba n'izunguruka, ariko biragoye kuzishyira hamwe muriibikoresho by'urumuri. Amakristu ya molekile biroroshye kuyahuza, ariko biragoye gushyiraho isano yizewe hagati yo kuzunguruka n'urumuri kuko imigozi y'ibyuka iba minini cyane.

Uduce duto twa molekile tw’isi twakozwe muri ubu bushakashatsi duhuza neza ibyiza byabyo byombi kuko, mu gihe cyo gukurura laser, Eu³ + ishobora gutanga fotoni zitwara amakuru yerekeye kuzenguruka kwa kirimbuzi. Binyuze mu bushakashatsi bwihariye bwa laser, hashobora gukorwa uburyo bwiza bwo kuzenguruka bwa optique/nuclear. Muri urwo rwego, abashakashatsi barushijeho kubona urwego rwo kuzenguruka kwa kirimbuzi, kubika neza fotoni, no gushyira mu bikorwa igikorwa cya mbere cya quantum.

Kugira ngo habarwe neza quantum, hakenewe qubits nyinshi zivanze. Abashakashatsi bagaragaje ko Eu³ + muri kristu za molekile zavuzwe haruguru ishobora kugera ku gufungana kwa quantum binyuze mu guhuza amashanyarazi, bityo bigatuma amakuru ya quantum atunganywa. Kubera ko kristu za molekile zirimo iyoni nyinshi za rare earth, ubucucike bwa qubit bwinshi bushobora kugerwaho.

Ikindi gisabwa mu kubara quantum ni ubushobozi bwo kwakira amakuru bwa qubits ku giti cyazo. Uburyo bwo kwakira amakuru bwa optique muri iki gikorwa bushobora kongera umuvuduko wo gusoma no gukumira ihungabana ry'ikimenyetso cy'uruziga. Ugereranyije n'ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mbere, imiterere y'urumuri rwa Eu³ + molekile yavuzwe muri iki gikorwa yarushijeho kwiyongeraho inshuro zigera ku gihumbi, ku buryo imiterere y'izunguruka rya nuclear ishobora gukoreshwa mu buryo bwihariye.

Ibimenyetso by'urumuri bikwiranye kandi no gukwirakwiza amakuru ya quantum kure kugira ngo bihuze mudasobwa za quantum mu itumanaho rya quantum riri kure. Hashobora kwitabwaho cyane guhuza kristu nshya za Eu³ + molekile mu miterere ya fotonike kugira ngo hongerwe urumuri. Iki gikorwa gikoresha molecule za rare earth nk'ishingiro rya quantum Internet, kandi gifata intambwe ikomeye mu miterere y'itumanaho rya quantum mu gihe kizaza.