Ihame ry'ibanze rya lasers za fiber zo mu buryo bumwe

Ihame ry'ibanze ryalaser za fibre zo mu buryo bumwe

Gukora laser bisaba kuzuza ibintu bitatu by'ingenzi: guhindura umubare w'abantu, aho bashyira urumuri mu mwanya ukwiye, no kugera ku gice cy'imbere cy'umuyoboro.laserUmupaka (ubwiyongere bw'urumuri mu mwobo w'urumuri bugomba kuba burenga igihombo). Uburyo imikorere ya lazeri ya fiber imwe ishingiye neza kuri aya mahame shingiro y'umubiri kandi ikagera ku kunoza imikorere binyuze mu miterere yihariye ya fibre waveguides.

Imirasire iterwa n'imirasire n'ubwiyongere bw'abaturage ni byo shingiro ry'ikorwa rya laser. Iyo ingufu z'urumuri zitangwa n'isoko ya pompe (ubusanzwe ni diode ya laser ya semiconductor) zishyizwe mu muyoboro w'ingufu wuzuyemo ioni z'isi zidasanzwe (nka Ytterbium Yb³⁺, erbium Er³⁺), ioni z'isi zidasanzwe zifata ingufu zikava mu miterere y'ubutaka zijya mu miterere y'ingufu. Iyo umubare w'ioni mu miterere y'ingufu urenze uwo mu miterere y'ubutaka, imiterere y'ubwiyongere bw'abaturage iravuka. Muri iki gihe, fotoni y'ingufu izatera imirasire iterwa n'ingufu, igakora fotoni nshya zifite frequency, phase n'icyerekezo kimwe na fotoni y'ingufu, bityo bigatanga optique amplification.

Ikiranga cy'ingenzi cya single-modelaser za fibreiherereye mu murambararo wayo muto cyane w’ingirabuzimafatizo (ubusanzwe 8-14μm). Dukurikije inyigisho ya wave optics, iyo ngirabuzimafatizo nto ishobora kwemerera uburyo bumwe gusa bwa electromagnetic field mode (ni ukuvuga, fundamental mode LP₀₁ cyangwa HE₁₁ mode) koherezwa mu buryo buhamye, ni ukuvuga uburyo bumwe. Ibi bikuraho ikibazo cyo gutatana hagati y’imirongo y’ingirabuzimafatizo kiri mu miyoboro myinshi, ni ukuvuga, ikintu cyo kwagura pulse giterwa no gukwirakwira kw’uburyo butandukanye ku muvuduko utandukanye. Ukurikije imiterere y’uburyo bwo kohereza, itandukaniro ry’inzira y’urumuri rukwirakwira mu cyerekezo cya axial muri fibre optique ya mode imwe ni rito cyane, bigatuma urumuri rusohoka rufite ihuriro ryiza ry’ahantu hamwe n’ikwirakwizwa ry’ingufu za Gaussian, kandi ubwiza bw’umuyoboro M² bushobora kugera kuri 1 (M² = 1 ku muyoboro wa Gaussian ukwiye).

Fiber lasers ni ikimenyetso cy'ingenzi cy'ikinyagihumbi cya gatatuikoranabuhanga rya laser, zikoresha imigozi y'ibirahure isanzwe nk'uburyo bwo gukuramo umusaruro. Mu myaka icumi ishize, imigozi y'ibirahure ifite uburyo bumwe yagize uruhare runini ku isoko ry'ibirahure ku isi, bitewe n'inyungu zayo zidasanzwe mu mikorere. Ugereranyije na migozi y'ibirahure ifite uburyo bwinshi cyangwa imigozi gakondo, imigozi y'ibirahure ifite uburyo bumwe ishobora gukora imigozi myiza ya Gaussian ifite ubwiza bw'imigozi hafi ya 1, bivuze ko imigozi ishobora kugera hafi ku rugero rwo hasi rw'impinduka z'imitekerereze n'ahantu horoshye ho gushyira ingufu. Iyi miterere ituma idasimburwa mu bijyanye no gutunganya no gupima bisaba ubushishozi bwinshi n'ubushyuhe buke.