Ihame ryibanze rya fibre lazeri imwe

Ihame shingiro ryauburyo bumwe bwa fibre

Igisekuru cya laser gisaba kuba cyujuje ibintu bitatu byingenzi: guhinduranya kwabaturage, akavuyo gakwiye, no kugera kurilaserimbago (inyungu z'umucyo mu cyuho cya resonant zigomba kuba nyinshi kuruta igihombo). Uburyo bukora bwa fibre lazeri yuburyo bumwe bushingiye neza kuri aya mahame shingiro yumubiri kandi bugera kubikorwa byiza binyuze mumiterere yihariye ya fibre umurongo.

Imirasire ikangutse hamwe no guhinduranya kwabaturage nibyo shingiro ryumubiri kubyara lazeri. Iyo ingufu z'umucyo zitangwa nisoko ya pompe (mubisanzwe sezo ya semiconductor laser diode) yatewe mumyungu ya fibre yunganiwe hamwe na ion zidasanzwe zubutaka (nka Ytterbium Yb³⁺, erbium Er³⁺), ion zidasanzwe zisi zikurura ingufu no kuva mubutaka bwubutaka bukajya muri leta yishimye. Iyo umubare wa ion muri reta yishimye urenze iyo muri reta yubutaka, hashyirwaho leta ihindura abaturage. Kuri iyi ngingo, foton yibyabaye izatera imishwarara ishimishije ya ion yishimye-yigihugu, ikabyara fotone nshya yumurongo umwe, icyiciro nicyerekezo kimwe na fotone yibyabaye, bityo bikagera kuri amplificique optique.

Ibyingenzi biranga uburyo bumwelaseriaryamye muburyo bwiza cyane bwa diameter (mubisanzwe 8-14 mm). Ukurikije inyigisho ya optique, intangiriro nziza irashobora kwemerera gusa uburyo bumwe bwa electromagnetic yumurima (ni ukuvuga uburyo bwibanze LP₀₁ cyangwa HE₁₁ uburyo) bwoherezwa neza, ni ukuvuga uburyo bumwe. Ibi bivanaho ikibazo cyo gutandukanya intermodal kiriho muri fibre ya multimode, ni ukuvuga ibintu byo kwaguka kwa pulse biterwa no gukwirakwiza uburyo butandukanye kumuvuduko utandukanye. Urebye ibiranga ihererekanyabubasha, itandukaniro ryinzira yumucyo ukwirakwiza icyerekezo cya axial muburyo bumwe bwa fibre optique ni ntoya cyane, ibyo bigatuma urumuri rusohoka rufite aho ruhurira hamwe no gukwirakwiza ingufu za Gaussiya, kandi ikintu cyiza cya M² gishobora kwegera 1 (M² = 1 kumurongo mwiza wa Gaussiya).

Fibre laseri ni abahagarariye intangarugero mu gisekuru cya gatatutekinoroji ya laser, ikoresha isi idasanzwe yibintu-byuzuye ibirahuri fibre nkinyungu yo hagati. Mu myaka icumi ishize, lazeri imwe-imwe ya fibre ifite umwanya munini cyane ku isoko rya laser ku isi, bitewe nibikorwa byabo bidasanzwe. Ugereranije na lazeri ya fibre ya multimode cyangwa lazeri gakondo ikomeye-ya lazeri, uburyo bumwe bwa fibre fibre irashobora kubyara urumuri rwiza rwa Gaussiya rufite urumuri ruri hafi ya 1, bivuze ko urumuri rushobora kugera kuri theoretical minimum divergence Angle na byibuze byibandwaho. Iyi mikorere ituma idasimburwa mubice byo gutunganya no gupima bisaba ibisobanuro bihanitse hamwe ningaruka zumuriro muke.