Ubwoko bwa laser ishobora guhindurwa

Ubwoko bwalaser ihindurwa

Imikoreshereze ya laser zishobora guhindurwa muri rusange ishobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bibiri by'ingenzi: kimwe ni igihe lasers z'uburebure bw'umurambararo umwe cyangwa nyinshi zidashobora gutanga uburebure bw'umurambararo bumwe cyangwa bwinshi bukenewe; Ikindi cyiciro kireba ibihe aholaserUbunini bw'umurambararo bugomba guhindurwa buri gihe mu gihe cy'igerageza cyangwa ibizamini, nko mu bushakashatsi bwa spectroscopy no mu bushakashatsi bwo gupima imashini.

Ubwoko bwinshi bwa laser zishobora guhindurwa bushobora gukora impumuro y'umuraba uhoraho (CW), nanosecond, picosecond cyangwa femtosecond. Imiterere y'umusaruro wayo igenwa n'uburyo bwo gukura kwa laser bukoreshwa. Igisabwa cy'ibanze kuri laser zishobora guhindurwa ni uko zishobora gusohora laser mu bwoko butandukanye bw'uburebure. Ibice byihariye by'urumuri bishobora gukoreshwa mu guhitamo uburebure bwihariye bw'umuraba cyangwa uburebure bw'umuraba mu duce dusohora umwuka twalaser zishobora guhindurwaHano turabagezaho uburyo butandukanye bwo guhinduranya imirasire ya laser busanzwe

Laser y'umuraba ihagaze ya CW ishobora guhindurwa

Mu buryo bufatika,Laser ya CW ishobora guhindurwani imiterere ya laser yoroshye cyane. Iyi laser irimo indorerwamo ifite ubushobozi bwo kugaragaza urumuri rwinshi, igikoresho cyo gukuraho umusaruro n'indorerwamo ihuza umusaruro (reba Ishusho ya 1), kandi ishobora gutanga umusaruro wa CW ikoresheje uburyo butandukanye bwo gukuraho urumuri bwa laser. Kugira ngo hagerwe ku buryo bworoshye bwo guhindura imiterere, hagomba gutoranywa igikoresho cyo gukuraho umusaruro gishobora gutwikira uburebure bw'umuraba w'urumuri cyifuzwa.

2. Lazeri y'impeta ya CW ishobora guhindurwa

Imashini zikoresha uruziga zamaze igihe kinini zikoreshwa mu kugera ku musaruro wa CW ushobora guhindurwa binyuze mu buryo bumwe bwo mu gihe kirekire, hamwe n’umuvuduko wa spectral mu rugero rwa kilohertz. Kimwe na laser zikoresha amashanyarazi ahagaze, laser zikoresha uruziga zishobora no gukoresha amarangi na safiro ya titaniyumu nk'ibikoresho byo gukura. Imashini zishobora gutanga ubugari buto cyane bw'umurongo uri munsi ya 100 kHz, mu gihe safiro ya titaniyumu itanga ubugari bw'umurongo buri munsi ya 30 kHz. Ingano yo gukosora imiterere ya laser ikoresha amashanyarazi ni 550 kugeza 760 nm, naho iya laser ikoresha amashanyarazi ya titaniyumu ni 680 kugeza 1035 nm. Umusaruro w'ubwoko bwombi bwa laser ushobora gukuba kabiri ugereranyije n'umuyoboro wa UV.

3. Laser ifunganye mu buryo busanzwe

Ku ngero nyinshi, gusobanura neza igihe imiterere y'ingufu za laser ni ingenzi kuruta gusobanura neza ingufu. Mu by'ukuri, kugera ku mivure migufi y'amajwi bisaba imiterere y'umwobo hamwe n'uburyo bwinshi bwo mu gihe kirekire buhurira icyarimwe. Iyo ubu buryo bwo mu gihe kirekire bufite isano ihamye mu gice cyo mu gihe cya laser, laser izaba ifunze neza. Ibi bizatuma umuvure umwe ubasha kunyeganyega mu gice cyo mu gihe, igihe cyawo kigenwa n'uburebure bw'umwobo wa laser. Gufunga neza bishobora kugerwaho hakoreshejwemodulator ya acousto-optique(AOM), cyangwa "passive mode-locking" bishobora gukorwa binyuze muri lens ya Kerr.

4. Laser ytterbium yihuta cyane

Nubwo laser za titanium safiro zifite akamaro kanini, amwe mu magerageza yo gufata amashusho y’ibinyabuzima asaba uburebure bw’umurambararo. Uburyo busanzwe bwo gufata amashusho y’ibice bibiri buterwa inkunga na fotoni zifite uburebure bw’umurambararo bwa nm 900. Kubera ko uburebure bw’umurambararo butuma umuntu adatatana cyane, uburebure bw’umurambararo bushobora gutuma ubushakashatsi bw’ibinyabuzima busaba uburebure bw’amashusho bwimbitse.

Muri iki gihe, imirasire ishobora guhindurwa yakoreshejwe mu nzego nyinshi z'ingenzi, kuva ku bushakashatsi bw'ibanze bwa siyansi kugeza ku gukora imirasire ya laser no mu bumenyi bw'ubuzima n'ubuzima. Ikoranabuhanga riboneka ubu ni rinini cyane, rihereye kuri sisitemu zoroshye za CW zishobora guhindurwa, zifite ubugari buto bushobora gukoreshwa mu gupima spectroscopy, gufata molekile na atome, no kugerageza quantum optics, bitanga amakuru y'ingenzi ku bashakashatsi ba none. Abakora imirasire ya laser muri iki gihe batanga ibisubizo by'ingenzi, batanga umusaruro wa laser urenga 300 nm mu ntera y'ingufu za nanojoule. Sisitemu zigoye cyane zigizwe n'intera nini itangaje ya 200 kugeza 20.000 nm mu ntera y'ingufu za microjoule na millijoule.