Udukoresho two guhuza icyerekezo ni ibice bisanzwe bya mikoroonde/milimetero mu gupima mikoroonde no mu zindi sisitemu za mikoroonde. Bishobora gukoreshwa mu gutandukanya ibimenyetso, gutandukanya no kuvanga, nko kugenzura ingufu, gushimangira ingufu zisohoka, gutandukanya isoko ry'ibimenyetso, gupima ubwinshi bw'impinduka no kugarura ubwiza bw'impinduka, nibindi. Ni igikoresho cyo kugabanya ingufu za mikoroonde mu cyerekezo, kandi ni igice cy'ingenzi mu byuma bigezweho byo kugarura ubwiza bw'impinduka. Ubusanzwe, hari ubwoko butandukanye, nka waveguide, coaxial line, stripline, na microstrip.
Ishusho ya 1 ni igishushanyo mbonera cy'imiterere. Igizwe ahanini n'ibice bibiri, umurongo mukuru n'umurongo w'inyongera, bihuzwa binyuze mu buryo butandukanye bw'umwobo muto, icyuho, n'icyuho. Kubwibyo, igice cy'ingufu zinjira muri "1" ku mpera y'umurongo mukuru kizahuzwa n'umurongo wa kabiri. Bitewe n'ubwinjirane cyangwa imiterere y'imiraba, ingufu zizoherezwa gusa ku murongo wa kabiri - icyerekezo kimwe (cyitwa "imbere"), ikindi Nta ngufu zitangwa mu buryo bumwe (cyitwa "inyuma")
Ishusho ya 2 ni umuyoboro uhuza icyerekezo, umwe mu miyoboro iri muri uwo muyoboro uhujwe n'umutwaro uhuye wubatswemo.
Gukoresha Directional Coupler
1, ku buryo bwo guhuza imbaraga
Igikoresho cyo guhuza icyerekezo cya 3dB (kizwi cyane nka 3dB bridge) gikoreshwa muri sisitemu yo guhuza frequency nyinshi, nk'uko bigaragara ku ishusho iri hepfo. Ubwo bwoko bw'uruziga bukunze gukoreshwa muri sisitemu zikwirakwizwa imbere mu nzu. Nyuma y'uko ibimenyetso f1 na f2 bivuye kuri amplifiers ebyiri z'amashanyarazi binyura muri coupler ya 3dB, umusaruro wa buri muyoboro urimo ibice bibiri bya frequency f1 na f2, kandi 3dB igabanya uburebure bwa buri gice cya frequency. Iyo imwe muri terminals zisohoka ihujwe n'umutwaro ufata, undi musaruro ushobora gukoreshwa nk'isoko y'amashanyarazi ya sisitemu yo gupima intermodulation idakora. Niba ukeneye kunoza uburyo bwo kwitandukanya, ushobora kongeramo bimwe mu bice nka filters na isolators. Itandukaniro ry'ikiraro cya 3dB cyakozwe neza rishobora kurenza 33dB.
Igikoresho cyo guhuza icyerekezo gikoreshwa mu guhuza amashanyarazi.
Agace k’ubuso bw’icyerekezo nk’indi mikoreshereze y’ingufu zivanze kagaragara ku ishusho (a) iri hepfo. Muri uru ruziga, ubuyobozi bw’icyerekezo cy’icyerekezo bwakoreshejwe neza. Dufashe ko ibipimo byo guhuza by’icyerekezo bibiri ari 10dB kandi ubuyobozi bukagira 25dB, itandukaniro riri hagati y’impera za f1 na f2 ni 45dB. Niba ibyinjira bya f1 na f2 byombi ari 0dBm, umusaruro uhujwe ni -10dBm. Ugereranije na Wilkinson coupler iri ku ishusho (b) iri hepfo (agaciro kayo gasanzwe ko kwitandukanya ni 20dB), ikimenyetso kimwe cy’icyinjira cya OdBm, nyuma yo guhuza, hari -3dBm (tutitaye ku gihombo cyo kwinjizwa). Ugereranije n’imiterere y’icyitegererezo, twongera ikimenyetso cy’icyinjira mu ishusho (a) na 7dB kugira ngo umusaruro wacyo uhuze n’ishusho (b). Muri iki gihe, itandukaniro riri hagati ya f1 na f2 mu ishusho (a) “riragabanuka” “Ni 38 dB. Umusaruro wa nyuma wo kugereranya ni uko uburyo bwo guhuza imbaraga bwa coupler mu cyerekezo buri hejuru ya 18dB ugereranije na coupler ya Wilkinson. Iyi gahunda ikwiriye gupima intermodulation ya amplifiers icumi.
Uburyo bwo guhuza icyerekezo bukoreshwa mu buryo bwa 2 bwo guhuza ingufu
2, ikoreshwa mu gupima igikoresho kidasaba kubangamira cyangwa gupima ibitari byo
Muri sisitemu yo gupima no gupima RF, umurongo ugaragara ku ishusho iri hepfo ukunze kugaragara. Tuvuge ko DUT (igikoresho cyangwa ibikoresho biri kugeragezwa) ari igikoresho cyakira. Muri icyo gihe, ikimenyetso cyo kubangamira umuyoboro kiri hafi gishobora gushyirwa mu cyuma cyakira binyuze mu mpera y’aho gihurira. Hanyuma igikoresho cyakira gihujwe nacyo binyuze mu cyuma cyakira gishobora gupima ubushobozi bw’icyuma cyakira - imikorere y’ibihumbi by’aho gihurira. Niba DUT ari telefoni igendanwa, icyuma cyakira telefoni gishobora gufungurwa n’icyuma cyakira gihujwe n’igice cyakira gihujwe n’igice cyakira gihujwe n’igice cyakira gihujwe. Hanyuma icyuma cyakira spectrum gishobora gukoreshwa mu gupima umusaruro w’amayeri wa telefoni. Birumvikana ko hari ibyuma byakira spectrum bigomba kongerwamo mbere y’icyuma cyakira spectrum. Kubera ko uru rugero ruvuga gusa ku ikoreshwa ry’ibikoresho byakira icyerekezo, umurongo wakira filter ntuba uhari.
Akamashini gakoresha icyerekezo gakoreshwa mu gupima uburebure bwa telefoni igendanwa cyangwa uburebure bw’amayeri.
Muri uru ruziga rw'igerageza, ubuyobozi bw'icyerekezo cy'ihuza ry'icyerekezo ni ingenzi cyane. Isesengura rya spectrum rihujwe n'impera ya through rishaka kwakira ikimenyetso giturutse kuri DUT gusa kandi ntirishaka kwakira ijambo ry'ibanga riturutse ku mpera ya through.
3, yo gufata ibimenyetso no kubikurikirana
Gupima no kugenzura transmitter kuri interineti bishobora kuba imwe mu mikoreshereze ikoreshwa cyane mu gupima ibyuma bihuza imiterere y’amashanyarazi. Ishusho ikurikira ni ikoreshwa risanzwe ry’ibyuma bihuza imiterere y’amashanyarazi mu gupima ibyuma bihuza imiterere y’amashanyarazi. Tuvuge ko imbaraga z’ibikoresho bihuza imiterere y’amashanyarazi ari 43dBm (20W), ibyuma bihuza imiterere y’amashanyarazi. Ubushobozi ni 30dB, igihombo cyo gushyiramo (igihombo cy’umurongo hamwe n’igihombo cyo guhuza) ni 0.15dB. Impera y’ibikoresho ifite ikimenyetso cya 13dBm (20mW) cyoherejwe ku gipimo cy’ibikoresho bihuza imiterere y’amashanyarazi, umusaruro w’ibikoresho bihuza imiterere y’amashanyarazi ni 42.85dBm (19.3W), kandi amazi asohoka ni amashanyarazi ku ruhande rwihariye atwarwa n’umutwaro.
Igikoresho cyo gukurura gikoreshwa mu gupima ikigo cy'ibanze.
Hafi ya transmitters zose zikoresha ubu buryo mu gupima no kugenzura kuri interineti, kandi wenda ubu buryo ni bwo bwonyine bushobora kwemeza ko transmitters zikora neza mu gihe gisanzwe cyo gukora. Ariko ni ngombwa kumenya ko kimwe ari ikizamini cya transmitters, kandi abapima batandukanye bafite impungenge zitandukanye. Dufashe urugero rwa sitasiyo za WCDMA, abakoresha bagomba kwitondera ibimenyetso biri mu murongo wabo w'imikorere (2110 ~ 2170MHz), nko kuba ikimenyetso cyiza, ingufu ziri mu muyoboro, ingufu ziri hafi y'umuyoboro, nibindi. Muri iyi ngingo, abakora bazashyira ku mpera y'umusaruro wa sitasiyo ya sitasiyo A narrowband (nka 2110 ~ 2170MHz) coupler iyobora kugira ngo ikurikirane imikorere ya transmitters muri muyoboro kandi bayohereze mu kigo cy'igenzura igihe icyo ari cyo cyose.
Niba ari yo igenzura imiterere y’umuvuduko wa radiyo - sitasiyo igenzura radiyo kugira ngo igerageze ibimenyetso bya sitasiyo y’ibanze, intego yayo iratandukanye rwose. Dukurikije ibisabwa mu gucunga radiyo, intera y’igerageza yagutse ikagera kuri 9kHz ~ 12.75GHz, kandi sitasiyo y’ibanze yageragejwe ni nini cyane. Ni imirasire ingahe itari yo izakorwa muri bande y’ingufu kandi ikabangamira imikorere isanzwe y’izindi sitasiyo z’ibanze? Ikibazo cy’amasitasiyo agenzura radiyo. Muri iki gihe, hakenewe coupler y’icyerekezo ifite umuvuduko umwe w’ingufu kugira ngo hamenyekane ibimenyetso, ariko coupler y’icyerekezo ishobora gutwikira 9kHz ~ 12.75GHz isa nkaho ntaho ihari. Tuzi ko uburebure bw’ukuboko k’icyerekezo k’icyerekezo bufitanye isano n’umuvuduko wo hagati. Umuvuduko w’icyerekezo cy’icyerekezo cya ultra-wideband ushobora kugera ku mirongo ya octave 5-6, nka 0.5-18GHz, ariko bande y’ingufu iri munsi ya 500MHz ntishobora gupfukwa.
4, gupima ingufu kuri interineti
Mu ikoranabuhanga ryo gupima imbaraga hakoreshejwe ubwoko bwa "through-type", "directional coupler" ni igikoresho cy'ingenzi cyane. Ishusho ikurikira igaragaza igishushanyo mbonera cy'uburyo busanzwe bwo gupima ingufu nyinshi. Ingufu zo imbere ziva kuri amplifier ziri muri Test zipimwa n'impera yo guhuza imbere (terminal 3) y'ihuza ry'icyerekezo hanyuma zoherezwa kuri "power metter". Ingufu zigaragara zigaragazwa na "reverse coupling terminal" (terminal 4) hanyuma zoherezwa kuri "power metter".
Igikoresho gihuza icyerekezo gikoreshwa mu gupima imbaraga nyinshi.
Icyitonderwa: Uretse kwakira imbaraga zigaragara ziturutse ku mutwaro, terminale yo guhuza inyuma (terminale 4) inakira imbaraga zisohoka ziturutse imbere (terminale 1), biterwa n'ubuyobozi bw'umurongo uhuza icyerekezo. Ingufu zigaragara nizo umuntu ugerageza yifuza gupima, kandi imbaraga zisohoka ni isoko y'ibanze y'amakosa mu gupima imbaraga zigaragara. Ingufu zigaragara n'imbaraga zisohoka bishyirwa ku mpera yo guhuza inyuma (impera 4) hanyuma byoherezwa kuri meteroe y'amashanyarazi. Kubera ko inzira zo kohereza ibimenyetso byombi zitandukanye, ni superposition ya vector. Niba ingufu zisohoka zinjira muri meteroe y'amashanyarazi zishobora kugereranywa n'imbaraga zigaragara, bizatera ikosa rikomeye ryo gupima.
Birumvikana ko imbaraga zigaragara ziturutse ku mutwaro (iherezo rya 2) nazo zizava mu mpera y’aho zihurira (iherezo rya 1, ritagaragara ku ishusho iri hejuru). Nyamara, ingano yabyo ni nto ugereranije n’imbaraga z’imbere, zipima imbaraga z’imbere. Ikosa rivamo rishobora kwirengagizwa.
Beijing Rofea Optoelectronics Co., Ltd. iherereye mu "Silicon Valley" mu Bushinwa - Beijing Zhongguancun, ni ikigo cy’ikoranabuhanga rigezweho cyihaye inshingano zo gukorera ibigo by’ubushakashatsi byo mu gihugu no mu mahanga, ibigo by’ubushakashatsi, za kaminuza n’abakozi b’ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi mu bigo. Isosiyete yacu ikora cyane cyane ubushakashatsi bwigenga n’iterambere, gushushanya, gukora, kugurisha ibicuruzwa bya optoelectronic, kandi itanga ibisubizo bishya na serivisi z’umwuga ku bashakashatsi ba siyansi n’abahanga mu nganda. Nyuma y’imyaka myinshi y’udushya twigenga, yakoze urukurikirane rw’ibicuruzwa bikungahaye kandi byuzuye by’amashanyarazi, bikoreshwa cyane mu nganda z’umujyi, iza gisirikare, ubwikorezi, ingufu z’amashanyarazi, imari, uburezi, ubuvuzi n’izindi nganda.
Twiteguye gukorana nawe!
Igihe cyo kohereza: 20 Mata-2023