Ubwoko bwibikoresho bya Photodetetector

Ubwoko bwaIgikoresho cy'amafotoimiterere
Photodetetectornigikoresho gihindura ibimenyetso bya optique mumashanyarazi, imiterere nuburyo butandukanye, birashobora kugabanywa ahanini mubyiciro bikurikira:
(1) Ifoto ya Photoconductive
Iyo ibikoresho bya fotocondactive bahura numucyo, abatwara amafoto bongera imyitwarire yabo kandi igabanya imyigaragambyo yabo. Abatwara barishimye mu bushyuhe bwicyumba bigenda muburyo bwerekanwe munsi yumurima wamashanyarazi, bityo bitanga ikigezweho. Muburyo bwumucyo, electrons irashimishije kandi inzibacyuho ibaho. Muri icyo gihe, bagenda munsi y'ibikorwa by'umurima w'amashanyarazi kugirango ugire ifoto. Abatwara ibicuruzwa bivamo byongera imikorere yikikoresho bityo bakagabanya kurwanya. Amafoto ya Photoconductive ubusanzwe yerekana inyungu nyinshi kandi yitabye cyane mubikorwa, ariko ntibishobora kwitabira ibimenyetso byinshi-bya optique, bityo umuvuduko wo gusubiza utinda, ugabanya porogaramu yo gusaba ibikoresho byatotofona mubice bimwe na bimwe.

(2)Pn Photodetetector
PN Photodetetector ikorwa muguhuza hagati ya p-ubwoko bwa semiconductor ya semiconductor na n-ubwoko bwa semiconductor. Mbere yuko habaho umubano, ibikoresho byombi biri muburyo butandukanye. Urwego rwa Fermi muri P-Ubwoko Semiconductor yegereye inkombe yitsinda rya Valence, mugihe urwego rwa Fermi muri N-Ubwoko Semiconductor ari hafi yuruhande rwitsinda ryimikorere. Mugihe kimwe, urwego rwa Fermi rwibikoresho bya N-byubwoko ku nkombe yitsinda rikomeje kumusiga kumanuka kugeza kurwego rwa Fermi cyibikoresho byombi biri mumwanya umwe. Guhindura imyanya ya Bande na Valence baherekejwe nabyo biherekejwe no kunama. Ihuriro rya PN riri kuringaniza kandi rifite urwego rwa FERMI. Duhereye kubice bishinzwe gusesengura isesengura, benshi mubatwara ibicuruzwa mubikoresho bya P-Ubwoko niwobo, mugihe benshi mubatwara ibibazo mubikoresho bya N-byubwoko ni electron. Mugihe ibikoresho byombi bihuye, bitewe nitandukaniro ryibanzeho, electron mubikoresho bya n-ubwoko bizakoreshwa kuri p-ubwoko, mugihe electron mubikoresho byakoreshwa muburyo bunyuranye nu mwobo. Ahantu hadakosowe hasigaye no kugabanuka kwa electrons na myobo bizerekana amashanyarazi, kandi bivuze ko gushiramo ibintu byamashanyarazi, kandi habaho dift kandi haratandukana ninzira nyabagendwa, kandi habaho dift kandi haratandukana ninzira nyabagendwa, kandi habaho dift kandi haratandukana ninzira nyabagendwa, kandi habaho dift kandi haratandukana imbere yububiko bwubwubatswe, kandi habaho diffusion kandi haratandukana ninzira nyabagendwa, kandi habaho dift kandi haratandukana imbere yububiko bwubwubatswe, kandi habaho dift kandi haratandukana imbere yububiko bwubwubatswe, kandi habaho dift kandi haratandukana imbere yo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi, kandi habaho dift kandi haratandukana nimiterere yumuyaga, kandi habaho dift kandi haratandukana ninzira nyabagendwa. Umwikorezi uhagaze ni zeru. Imbaraga zidasanzwe.
Iyo amafaranga ya PN ahuye nimirasire yoroheje, imbaraga za fotone zimuriwe ku mutwara, kandi utwara abatwara, ni ukuvuga, abafotora elegitron-hole, barakozwe. Mubikorwa byumurima wamashanyarazi, electron na umwobo bagenda mukarere n akarere ka N hamwe na p akarere ka P hamwe na prift ya artirier yitwara neza. Iri ni ihame ryibanze rya PN Ifoto Yisaha.

(3)PIN Photodetector
Pin Photodiode ni ibikoresho bya p-ubwoko nibikoresho bya N-ubwoko hagati ya flayer, icyahantu ni ibikoresho biri imbere cyangwa ibintu bike. Uburyo bwakazi bwayo busa na PN Ihuriro rya Pin ryerekanwe nimirasire yoroheje, imashini za photon zizatandukanya abatwara electron, hamwe ninyamanswa zo hanze zizatandukanya ibice byamafoto, kandi abatwara amashanyarazi mu gihugu, kandi abatwara amashanyarazi mu gihugu bazakora ikiriho mumuzunguruko. Uruhare na lapriene ni uguka kwagura ubugari bw'ikirenga, kandi igice nzahinduka mu buryo bworoshye munsi ya voltage nini, kandi rero umuvuduko wa electron-hole rero izatandukana byihuse, bityo umuvuduko wa Electron-Hole rero uzatandukana byihuse, bityo umuvuduko wa SOLE IFATANYIJE CYANE MU BIKORWA BY'IMITERERE. Abatwara hanze ya flaer na bo bakusanyijwe no kurohama banyuze mu kintu cyo gutandukana, gukora ku buryo butandukanye. Ubunini bwa layer muri rusange buroroshye, kandi intego yacyo ni ukuzamura umuvuduko wa detector.

(4)APD PhotodetetectorAvalanche Photodiode
Uburyo bwaAvalanche PhotodiodeIrasa nubwa PN Ihuriro. Photopdetector ikoresha PN Ihuriro rya PN nyinshi, rikora igenamigambi rishingiye kuri APD rinini, kandi iyo kubogama bitangaje no kugwiza muri AVALTHE bizabera imbere muri APD, kandi imikorere ya detector izabaho phuccurrent. Iyo APD ari muburyo bwa bovever, umurima w'amashanyarazi mu rubura rwo gutambuka ruzakomera cyane, kandi abatwara amafoto batangwaga n'icyomucyo bazatandukana vuba kandi bahita bagenda bagenda mu gikorwa cy'umurima w'amashanyarazi. Hano haribishoboka ko electron izagongana muri kantu mugihe cyiki gikorwa, bigatuma electron muri kasheti yizewe. Iyi nzira irasubirwamo, kandi ionsized ions muri lattice nayo igongana na kato, itera umubare wa abatwara abatwara muri APD kwiyongera, bikavamo ubungubu. Nubu buryo budasanzwe bwumubiri imbere muri APD ishingiye kuri APD muri rusange ifite ibiranga umuvuduko wihuse, ibintu byinshi byubu no kwiyumvisha byinshi. Ugereranije na PN Ihuriro na PIN

(5) Schottky Ihuriro Photodetector
Imiterere y'ibanze ya Schottky Papiodetector ni Diode ya Instand, ibiranga amashanyarazi bisa n'iby'amaso ya PN yasobanuwe haruguru, kandi bifite akamaro ka PN neza kandi bikagabanuka. Iyo icyuma gifite imikorere minini yakazi hamwe na semiconductor ifite imikorere migufi yakazi hashyizweho, hashyizweho inzitizi ya Schotky irashinzwe, kandi ihuriro ryavuyemo ni itandukaniro na Schotky. Uburyo nyamukuru busa na bumwe busa na PN, gufata N-Ubwoko bwa N-Ubwoko bwa N-Ubwoko, mugihe hashyizweho ibikoresho bibiri bya electron. Ale elect yakwirakwijwe irasenya ubudahwema ku mpera yicyuma, bityo isenya kutabogama amashanyarazi yicyuma, kandi hazagurikana na ecran ya semiconductor ku burebure, nyuma yigihe cyo kwicwa na kimwe cya kabiri cyo kugera kuri Dynamic equilibrium, hanyuma shiraho itandukaniro. Mubihe byacyo, akarere ka bariyeri gukurura urumuri kandi rutanga imyuka ya elegit, mugihe abatwara amafoto imbere muri PN Ihuriro rya PN bakeneye kunyura mukarere ka diff kugirango bagere ku karere k'isangwa. Ugereranije na PN Ihuriro rya PN, Photodetetector ishingiye kuri Schottky ifite umuvuduko wihuse, kandi umuvuduko wo gusubiza urashobora no kugera kurwego rwa NS.