Laser ya pulse yihuta cyane kandi isubiramo inshuro nyinshi

Laser ya pulse yihuta cyane kandi isubiramo inshuro nyinshi

Mu isi ya mikorosikopi y'imikoranire hagati y'urumuri n'ibintu, ibyuma bipima umuvuduko wo gusubiramo ibintu byinshi (UHRPs) bikora nk'ibipimo by'igihe neza - bizenguruka inshuro zirenga miliyari imwe ku isegonda (1GHz), bigafata ibikumwe bya molekile by'uturemangingo twa kanseri mu isuzuma rya spectral, bigatwara amakuru menshi mu itumanaho rya fibre optique, kandi bigapima uburebure bw'inyenyeri muri telesikope. Cyane cyane mu gusimbuka kw'urugero rwo gutahura rwa lidar, ibyuma bipima umuvuduko wo gusubiramo ibintu byinshi (100-300 GHz) birimo kuba ibikoresho bikomeye byo kwinjira mu cyiciro cyo kubangamira, bihindura imbibi z'uburyo bwo kubona ibintu mu buryo butatu hamwe n'imbaraga zo gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rya spatiotemporal ku rwego rwa photon. Muri iki gihe, gukoresha imiterere mito y'ubukorano, nk'impande nto zisaba uburyo bwo gutunganya neza kugira ngo hakorwe ingano enye (FWM), ni bumwe mu buryo bw'ingenzi bwo kubona imiterere mito y'umuvuduko wo gusubiramo ibintu byinshi. Abahanga mu bya siyansi bari kwibanda ku gukemura ibibazo by'ubuhanga mu gutunganya imiterere mito cyane, ikibazo cyo guhindura frequency mu gihe cyo gutangira pulse, n'ikibazo cyo guhindura imikorere nyuma yo gukora pulse. Ubundi buryo ni ugukoresha imigozi idafite umurongo ugororotse cyane no gukoresha ingaruka zo kudahinduka kw'impinduka cyangwa ingaruka za FWM mu ruhu rwa laser kugira ngo dutere UHRPs imbaraga. Kugeza ubu, turacyakeneye "igihe gihindura" ubuhanga.

Uburyo bwo gukora UHRP binyuze mu gutera impuzandengo zihuse cyane kugira ngo habeho ingaruka za FWM zihindagurika busobanurwa nk "ingufu zidasanzwe cyane". Bitandukanye n'uburyo bwavuzwe haruguru bwo gushyiramo imirasire y'ubukorano isaba kohereza ingufu zihoraho, guhindura neza uburyo bwo kuzimya kugira ngo impuzandengo igenzurwe, no gukoresha ibyuma bitanga ingufu zidasanzwe kugira ngo bigabanye umupaka wa FWM, ubu "bushyuhe" bushingiye ku mbaraga z'ingufu zidasanzwe cyane kugira ngo butere imbaraga FWM, kandi nyuma yo "gutwika", bugeraho UHRP yigenga.

Ishusho ya 1 igaragaza uburyo bw'ingenzi bwo kugera ku kwishyira hamwe kw'imitsi hashingiwe ku gushyushya kw'imbuto mu buryo bwihuse cyane mu mpande z'imitsi ikwirakwira. Impumuro y'imbuto ngufi iterwa hanze (igihe T0, inshuro zisubiramo F) ikora nk' "isoko y'umuriro" kugira ngo ikurure umurima w'impumuro ufite imbaraga nyinshi mu mwobo ukwirakwira. Module yo gukura kw'uturemangingo ikorana n'umusemburo wa spectral kugira ngo ihindure ingufu z'impumuro y'imbuto mu gisubizo cy'inyunganiramiterere binyuze mu kugenzura ingingo mu gice cy'igihe. Iyi nzira inyura mu mbogamizi zo gukwirakwiza zisanzwe: impumuro y'imbuto irahagarara iyo igeze ku rugero rwa FWM rwo gukwirakwira, kandi umwobo ukomeza kwishyira hamwe kw'impumuro binyuze mu kuringaniza kw'inyunganiramiterere y'inyunganiramiterere, aho inyunganiramiterere y'inyunganiramiterere ari Fs (ihuye n'inyunganiramiterere y'imbere ya FF na T y'umwanya w'inyunganiramiterere).

Ubu bushakashatsi kandi bwakoze igenzura ry’amahame. Hashingiwe ku bipimo byakoreshejwe mu igerageza no kuri 1pslaser yihuta cyanenk'urwego rwa mbere, hakozwe isuzuma ry'imibare ku buryo bwo guhindura igihe cy'umutima n'inshuro byawo mu ruhu rw'umuyoboro wa laser. Byagaragaye ko impumuro yanyuze mu byiciro bitatu: gutandukanya impumuro, guhindagurika kw'impumuro mu gihe runaka, no gukwirakwiza impumuro mu ruhu rw'umuyoboro mu ruhu rw'umuyoboro wa laser. Iki gisubizo cy'imibare kandi kigaragaza neza imiterere yigenga y'umuyoboro wa laser.laser yo gutera umuvuduko.

Binyuze mu gutera ingaruka zo kuvanga imiraba ine mu mwobo w’urumuri rw’impeta zikwirakwiza binyuze mu gushyushya kw’imbuto vuba cyane, gukora no kubungabunga imirasire ya sub-THZ ultra-high repetition frequency pulses (umusaruro uhamye w’ingufu za 0.5W nyuma yo kuzimya imbuto) byagezweho neza, bitanga ubwoko bushya bw’urumuri ku murima wa lidar: Gusubiramo urwego rwayo rwa sub-THZ bishobora kongera ubushobozi bwo kureba igicu kugeza ku rwego rwa milimetero. Uburyo bwo kwihutisha pulse bugabanya cyane ikoreshwa ry’ingufu za sisitemu. Imiterere ya fibre yose ituma habaho imikorere ihamye mu gice cy’umutekano w’amaso cya 1.5 μm. Dutegereje ahazaza, iri koranabuhanga ryitezweho guteza imbere iterambere rya lidar iri ku modoka mu kugera ku buryo buto (hashingiwe kuri micro-filters za MZI) no kumenya kure (kwagura ingufu kugeza kuri > 1W), no kurushaho guhuza n’ibisabwa mu buryo bwo kumva ibintu bigoye binyuze mu gushyushya kw’uburebure bwinshi hamwe no kugenzura ubwenge.