Ultrafast idasanzwe laser igice cya kabiri

Ntibisanzweultrafast laserigice cya kabiri

Gutatanya no gukwirakwira: Gukererwa mu matsinda
Imwe mu mbogamizi zitoroshye za tekinike zahuye nazo mugihe ukoresheje lazeri ya ultrafast ni ugukomeza igihe cya ultra-short pulses zabanje gutangwa nalaser. Ultrafast pulses irashobora cyane kugoreka igihe, bigatuma impiswi ndende. Ingaruka zirushaho kuba mbi igihe igihe cyambere cyambere kigabanuka. Mugihe ultrafast lazeri ishobora gusohora impiswi zimara amasegonda 50, zirashobora kongerwaho mugihe ukoresheje indorerwamo na lens kugirango wohereze impiswi aho igenewe, cyangwa ndetse ikohereza impiswi mukirere.

Iki gihe cyo kugoreka kibarwa hakoreshejwe igipimo cyitwa gutinda gutatanya (GDD), bizwi kandi ko gutondekanya kabiri. Mubyukuri, hariho n'amagambo yo murwego rwohejuru yo gukwirakwiza ashobora kugira ingaruka mugihe cyo gukwirakwiza ultrafart-laser pulses, ariko mubikorwa, mubisanzwe birahagije gusa gusuzuma ingaruka za GDD. GDD ni inshuro-zishingiye ku gaciro kangana neza nubunini bwibintu byatanzwe. Ikwirakwizwa rya optique nka lens, idirishya, nibigize ibintu mubisanzwe bifite indangagaciro nziza za GDD, byerekana ko iyo impiswi zimaze gukanda zishobora guha optique yoherejwe igihe kirekire kuruta iyoherejwe nasisitemu ya laser. Ibice bifite imirongo yo hasi (ni ukuvuga uburebure burebure) bikwirakwiza byihuse kuruta ibice bifite imirongo myinshi (ni ukuvuga uburebure buke). Mugihe impyisi inyura mubintu byinshi kandi byinshi, uburebure bwumurongo muri pulse buzakomeza kwaguka cyane kandi mugihe. Kumwanya muto wa pulse, kandi rero mugari mugari, iyi ngaruka irakabya kandi irashobora kuvamo igihe kinini cyo kugoreka.

Ultrafast ya porogaramu
Kugaragaza
Kuva haza isoko ya ultrafast ya laser, spekitroscopi nimwe mubice byingenzi basaba. Mugabanye impiswi igihe kingana na femtosekond cyangwa se na attoseconds, inzira zingirakamaro muri fiziki, chimie na biyolojiya amateka adashoboka kubireba arashobora kugerwaho. Bumwe mu buryo bw'ingenzi ni ukugenda kwa atome, kandi kwitegereza icyerekezo cya atome byateje imbere ubumenyi bwa siyansi ku bintu by'ibanze nko guhindagurika kwa molekile, gutandukana kwa molekile no guhererekanya ingufu muri poroteyine zifotora.

bioimaging
Peas-power ultrafast lasers ishyigikira inzira idafite umurongo kandi igatezimbere gukemura amashusho yibinyabuzima, nka microscopi ya fotoni nyinshi. Muri sisitemu ya fotone nyinshi, kugirango habeho ikimenyetso kidafite umurongo uhereye kubinyabuzima bigizwe na biologiya cyangwa fluorescent, fotone ebyiri igomba guhurirana mumwanya nigihe. Ubu buryo butari umurongo butezimbere amashusho mugabanya cyane ibimenyetso bya fluorescence yibasira ibyorezo byubushakashatsi bumwe. Ibimenyetso byoroheje byerekana inyuma. Agace gato gashimishije microscope ya multiphoton nayo irinda gufotora no kugabanya ibyangiritse kuri sample.

Igishushanyo 1: Urugero igishushanyo cyinzira yumucyo mubushakashatsi bwa microscope ya fotone

Gutunganya ibikoresho
Ultrafast ya lazeri nayo yahinduye lazeri micromachining no gutunganya ibikoresho bitewe nuburyo budasanzwe impiswi ya ultrashort ikorana nibikoresho. Nkuko byavuzwe haruguru, mugihe muganira kuri LDT, ultrafast pulse igihe cyihuta kuruta igihe cyogukwirakwiza ubushyuhe muri lattice yibikoresho. Ultrafast laseri itanga akarere gato cyane gaterwa nubushyuhe kurutananosekond, bivamo igihombo cyo hasi no gutunganya neza. Iri hame riranakoreshwa mubikorwa byubuvuzi, aho ubwiyongere bwuzuye bwo gukata ultrafart-laser bifasha kugabanya kwangirika kwinyama zikikije kandi bikazamura uburambe bwumurwayi mugihe cyo kubaga laser.

Attosecond pulses: ejo hazaza ha ultrafast
Mugihe ubushakashatsi bukomeje guteza imbere laseri ya ultrafast, amashanyarazi mashya kandi atezimbere hamwe nigihe gito cya pulse. Kugirango ubashe kumenya neza imikorere yumubiri yihuse, abashakashatsi benshi bibanze kubyerekeranye no kubyara impiswi ya attosecond - hafi 10-18 s murwego rukabije rwa ultraviolet (XUV). Impanuka ya Attosecond yemerera gukurikirana icyerekezo cya electron no kunoza imyumvire yimiterere ya elegitoronike hamwe nubukanishi bwa kwant. Mugihe kwinjiza XUV attosekond laseri mubikorwa byinganda bitaratera intambwe igaragara, ubushakashatsi nibikomeza gukorwa murwego rwo hejuru bizasunika rwose iri koranabuhanga muri laboratoire no mubikorwa, nkuko byagenze kuri femtosekond na picosekondInkomoko.