Laser ni iki

Igitekerezo cya laseri ikorera mubushyuhe buke ntabwo ari shyashya: laser ya kabiri mumateka yari cryogenic. Ku ikubitiro, igitekerezo cyari kigoye kugera kubikorwa byubushyuhe bwicyumba, kandi ishyaka ryimirimo yubushyuhe buke ryatangiye mu myaka ya za 90 hamwe niterambere rya lazeri nini cyane.

Mububasha bukomeyeInkomoko, ingaruka ziterwa nubushyuhe nko gutakaza depolarisiyonike, lens yumuriro cyangwa laser kristu yunamye irashobora kugira ingaruka kumikorere yaisoko yumucyo. Binyuze mu gukonjesha ubushyuhe buke, ingaruka nyinshi ziterwa nubushyuhe zirashobora guhagarikwa neza, ni ukuvuga ko inyungu zunguka zigomba gukonjeshwa kugeza kuri 77K cyangwa ndetse na 4K. Ingaruka yo gukonjesha ahanini ikubiyemo:

Ibiranga ibintu byunguka byunguka birabujijwe cyane, kuberako inzira yubusa yumugozi yiyongereye. Nkigisubizo, ubushyuhe bugenda bugabanuka cyane. Kurugero, iyo ubushyuhe bwamanutse buva kuri 300K bugera kuri 77K, ubushyuhe bwumuriro wa YAG kristal yiyongera kubintu birindwi.

Coefficient de diffuzione yubushyuhe nayo igabanuka cyane. Ibi, hamwe no kugabanya ubushyuhe bwa gradient, bivamo kugabanuka kwingufu zumuriro bityo bikagabanuka amahirwe yo guturika.

Coefficient ya thermo-optique nayo iragabanuka, bikomeza kugabanya ingaruka zumuriro.

Ubwiyongere bwikwirakwizwa ryibice byisi bidasanzwe ion biterwa ahanini no kugabanuka kwagutse guterwa ningaruka zubushyuhe. Kubwibyo, imbaraga zo kwiyuzuza ziragabanuka kandi inyungu ya laser iriyongera. Kubwibyo, imbaraga za pompe zingana ziragabanuka, kandi impiswi ngufi zirashobora kuboneka mugihe Q ihinduka ikora. Mu kongera ihererekanyabubasha ryibisohoka, imikorere ihanamye irashobora kunozwa, bityo ingaruka zo gutakaza parasitike ziba nkeya.

Umubare wibice byurwego rwo hasi rwurwego rwa kwasi-eshatu urwego rwunguka rwagabanutse, bityo imbaraga zo kuvoma inzitizi ziragabanuka kandi ingufu zinoze. Kurugero, Yb: YAG, itanga urumuri kuri 1030nm, irashobora kugaragara nka sisitemu ya quasi-itatu yo murwego rwubushyuhe bwicyumba, ariko sisitemu yinzego enye kuri 77K. Er: Ni nako bimeze kuri YAG.

Ukurikije inyungu ziciriritse, ubukana bwibikorwa bimwe byo kuzimya bizagabanuka.

Ufatanije nibintu byavuzwe haruguru, imikorere yubushyuhe irashobora kunoza cyane imikorere ya laser. By'umwihariko, ubushyuhe buke bwo gukonjesha bushobora kubona ingufu nyinshi zisohoka nta ngaruka ziterwa nubushyuhe, ni ukuvuga ubwiza bwibiti bishobora kuboneka.

Ikibazo kimwe tugomba gusuzuma ni uko muri kirisiti ya kirisiti ya kirisiti, umurongo wumucyo wumucyo wumucyo hamwe numucyo winjiye bizagabanuka, bityo umurongo woguhuza umurongo uzaba muremure, kandi ubugari bwumurongo hamwe nuburebure bwumurongo wa pompe ya pompe bizaba bikomeye. . Nyamara, iyi ngaruka mubisanzwe ni gake.

Ubukonje bwa Cryogenic busanzwe bukoresha ibicurane, nka azote yuzuye cyangwa helium yamazi, kandi nibyiza ko firigo izenguruka binyuze mumiyoboro ifatanye na kirisiti. Coolant yuzuzwa mugihe cyangwa ikongera gukoreshwa mugihe gifunze. Kugirango wirinde gukomera, mubisanzwe birakenewe gushyira lazeri kristu mucyumba cya vacuum.

Igitekerezo cya laser kristal ikora mubushyuhe buke irashobora no gukoreshwa mubyongerewe imbaraga. Titanium safi irashobora gukoreshwa mugutanga ibitekerezo byiza byongera imbaraga, impuzandengo yo gusohora ingufu muri watts icumi.

Nubwo ibikoresho byo gukonjesha bya kirogenike bishobora kugoranasisitemu ya lasersisitemu nyinshi zo gukonjesha akenshi usanga zoroheje cyane, kandi imikorere yo gukonjesha ya kirogenike ituma kugabanuka kugoye.