Laser ikoresha uburyo bwa cryogenic ni iki?

Igitekerezo cy'uko imirasire ya laser ikora ku bushyuhe buri hasi si gishya: imirasire ya kabiri mu mateka yari isanzwe ikora ku buryo butangaje. Mu ntangiriro, icyo gitekerezo cyari kigoye kugera ku bushyuhe bwo mu cyumba, kandi ishyaka ryo gukora akazi gafite ubushyuhe buri hasi ryatangiye mu myaka ya 1990 ubwo habaga hatezwaga imirasire ya laser ifite imbaraga nyinshi n'imashini ziyongera imbaraga.

Ifite imbaraga nyinshiamasoko ya laseringaruka z'ubushyuhe nko gutakaza ubushobozi bwo gukuraho ubushyuhe, indorerwamo z'ubushyuhe cyangwa uburyo bwo kugonga kristale ya laser bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere yaisoko y'urumuri. Binyuze mu bukonje buciriritse, ingaruka nyinshi mbi z'ubushyuhe zishobora kugabanuka neza, ni ukuvuga ko urwego rw'ubushyuhe rugomba gukonjeshwa kugeza kuri 77K cyangwa ndetse na 4K. Ingaruka zo gukonjesha zikubiyemo ahanini:

Uburyo bwo gutwara ibintu mu buryo bw’ingufu burangwa n’uburyo bwo gukura ibintu mu buryo bw’ingufu buragabanuka cyane, ahanini bitewe nuko inzira y’umugozi yiyongera. Ingaruka zabyo ni uko ubushyuhe bugabanuka cyane. Urugero, iyo ubushyuhe bugabanutse kuva kuri 300K kugera kuri 77K, uburyo bwo gutwara ibintu mu buryo bw’ingufu bwa kristu ya YAG bwiyongeraho inshuro ndwi.

Igipimo cyo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe nacyo kiragabanuka cyane. Ibi, hamwe no kugabanuka k'ubushyuhe, bigabanya ingaruka zo gupima ubushyuhe bityo bigatuma amahirwe yo gucika kw'imihangayiko agabanuka.

Igipimo cya thermo-optical nacyo kiragabanuka, birushaho kugabanya ingaruka za lens z'ubushyuhe.

Ukwiyongera kw'igice cy'ingufu za rare earth ion biterwa ahanini no kugabanuka k'ubugari buterwa n'ingaruka z'ubushyuhe. Bityo, imbaraga zo gutwita ziragabanuka kandi kwiyongera kwa laser kuriyongera. Bityo, imbaraga za threshold pump ziragabanuka, kandi pulses ngufi zishobora kuboneka iyo Q switch ikora. Mu kongera uburyo bwo kohereza ibicuruzwa bya coupler, imikorere y'imirongo ishobora kunozwa, bityo ingaruka zo gutakaza umwobo wa parasite ziba nke.

Umubare w'uduce tw'urugero rwo hasi rw'uburyo bwo gukuraho ingano ya quasi-three-level gain medium uragabanuka, bityo imbaraga zo gupompa threshold ziragabanuka kandi imikorere y'ingufu irarushaho kwiyongera. Urugero, Yb:YAG, itanga urumuri kuri 1030nm, ishobora kubonwa nk'uburyo bwo gukuraho ingano ya quasi-three-levels ku bushyuhe bw'icyumba, ariko uburyo bwo gukuraho ingano ya 4 kuri 77K. Er: Ibyo ni ko bimeze no kuri YAG.

Bitewe n'uburyo bwo kongera umusaruro, imbaraga z'ibikorwa bimwe na bimwe byo kuzimya zizagabanuka.

Ukoresheje ibintu byavuzwe haruguru, imikorere y'ubushyuhe buke ishobora kunoza cyane imikorere ya laser. By'umwihariko, laser zo gukonjesha ubushyuhe buke zishobora kubona imbaraga nyinshi cyane zidafite ingaruka ku bushyuhe, ni ukuvuga ko ubwiza bw'imirasire bushobora kuboneka.

Ikibazo kimwe cyo gusuzuma ni uko muri kristu ya laser ikoze mu cyuri, umuvuduko w'urumuri rwatanzwe n'urumuri rwinjiramo uzagabanuka, bityo urwego rwo guhindura uburebure bw'umuraba ruzaba ruto, kandi ubugari bw'umurongo n'ubudahangarwa bw'uburebure bya laser ikozwe mu cyuri bizaba bikomeye cyane. Ariko, iyi ngaruka akenshi iba nke cyane.

Ubusanzwe gukonjesha hakoreshejwe icyuma gikonjesha, nka azote y'amazi cyangwa heliyumu y'amazi, kandi byaba byiza icyuma gikonjesha kinyura mu muyoboro ufatanye na kristale ya laser. Igikonjesha cyongerwamo igihe cyangwa kigasubirwamo mu buryo bufunze. Kugira ngo wirinde gukomera, ubusanzwe ni ngombwa gushyira kristale ya laser mu cyumba gifunze.

Igitekerezo cy'amakristaro ya laser akorera ku bushyuhe bwo hasi gishobora no gukoreshwa ku byuma bitanga amplifiers. Titanium safiro ishobora gukoreshwa mu gukora amplifiers nziza, imbaraga mpuzandengo zisohoka muri watts icumi.

Nubwo ibikoresho bikonjesha bihumanya bishobora kugoranasisitemu za laser, uburyo busanzwe bwo gukonjesha akenshi ntibuba bworoshye, kandi imikorere myiza yo gukonjesha ikoresheje ikoranabuhanga ituma habaho kugabanuka k'ubuhanga mu gukonjesha.