Laser ifite ubugari bw'umurongo muto ni iki?

Ni ikilaser y'ubugari bw'umurongo muto?

Lazeri y'ubugari bw'umurongo muto, Ijambo "ubugari bw'umurongo" risobanura ubugari bw'umurongo wa spectral walasermu gice cy’umuvuduko, ubusanzwe gipimwa hakurikijwe ubugari bwa spectrum bungana na kimwe cya kabiri cy’umuvuduko (FWHM). Ubugari bw’umurongo bugirwaho ingaruka cyane cyane n’imirasire itunguranye ya atome cyangwa iyoni zishyushye, urusaku rw’itsinda, guhindagura kwa resonator, gushyuha k’ubushyuhe n’ibindi bintu byo hanze. Uko agaciro k’ubugari bw’umurongo kaba gake, ni ko spectrum iba nziza, ni ukuvuga ko monochromatique ya laser iba nziza. Laser zifite imiterere nk’iyo akenshi zigira urusaku ruto cyane rw’itsinda cyangwa intera ndetse n’urusaku ruto cyane rw’ingufu. Muri icyo gihe, uko ubugari bw’umurongo bugabanuka, ni ko uburinganire burushaho gukomera, bugaragazwa nk’uburebure burebure cyane bw’ubufatanye.

Gushyira mu bikorwa no gukoresha laser y'ubugari bw'umurongo muto

Kubera ko idafite aho ihuriye n'ubugari bw'umuvuduko w'ibintu bikora muri laser, ntabwo bishoboka cyane kubona umusaruro wa laser ifite ubugari bw'umuvuduko w ...

Reka turebe uko imikoreshereze y'umurongo mugari w'ubugari bw'ibyiciro bitandukanye bya lasers ikorwa.

(1)Leza ya semiconductor

Lazeri zikoresha semiconductor zifite ibyiza byo kuba ingano nto, imikorere myiza cyane, kuramba kandi zikaba nziza ku bukungu.

Resonator y'urumuri ya Fabry-Perot (FP) ikoreshwa mu buryo bwa gakondolaser za semiconductormuri rusange ihindagurika mu buryo bwa longitudinal nyinshi, kandi ubugari bw'umurongo usohoka ni bugari cyane, bityo ni ngombwa kongera igisubizo cy'urumuri kugira ngo ubone umusaruro w'ubugari bw'umurongo muto.

Impinduramatwara (DFB Laser) na Bragg reflection (DBR) ni laser ebyiri zisanzwe za semiconductor zigaragaza ubwiza bw'imbere. Bitewe n'uburyo bwo gukurura uburebure buke no guhitamo neza uburebure bw'umurambararo, biroroshye kubona umusaruro uhamye w'ubugari bw'umurongo umwe. Itandukaniro rikomeye riri hagati y'imiterere yombi ni aho grating iherereye: imiterere ya DFB Laser isanzwe ikwirakwiza imiterere y'igihe cya Bragg grating muri resonator, kandi resonator ya DBR isanzwe igizwe n'imiterere ya grating ya reflection n'akarere k'izamuka ry'umurambararo. Byongeye kandi, laser za DFB zikoresha gratings zishyizwe hamwe zifite contrast ndende ya refractive index na reflectivity ndende. Laser za DBR zikoresha gratings zo hejuru zifite contrast ndende ya refractive index na reflectivity ndende. Imiterere yombi ifite spectral nyinshi kandi ishobora gukora tuning ya wavelength nta gusimbuka mu rugero rwa nanometer nke, aho laser ya DBR ifite contrast ndende ya tuning kurushaLazeri ya DFBByongeye kandi, ikoranabuhanga ryo gusubiza inyuma urumuri rw’imashini ya laser ya semiconductor, rikoresha ibintu byo hanze by’urumuri kugira ngo risubize urumuri rusohoka rwa chip ya laser ya semiconductor no guhitamo frequency, rishobora kandi gukora neza imikorere y’ubugari bw’umurongo muto wa laser ya semiconductor.

(2) Lazeri za fibre

Fiber laser ifite ubushobozi bwo guhindura pompe neza, ubwiza bw'imirasire myiza n'ubushobozi bwo guhuza ibintu, ibyo bikaba ari ingingo zishyushye mu bushakashatsi mu rwego rwa laser. Mu gihe cy'amakuru, fiber laser ifite uburyo bwo guhuza ibintu neza na sisitemu y'itumanaho rya fiber optique iri ku isoko. Fiber laser ifite ubushobozi bwo gukoresha umurongo umwe, ifite ubugari bw'umurongo muto, urusaku ruto n'imikoranire myiza yabaye kimwe mu byerekezo by'ingenzi by'iterambere ryayo.

Uburyo bumwe bwo gukora mu gihe kirekire ni ingenzi muri fiber laser kugira ngo igere ku muvuduko muto w’ubugari bw’umurongo, ubusanzwe hakurikijwe imiterere ya resonator ya fiber laser imwe ishobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bwa DFB, ubwoko bwa DBR n’ubwoko bw’impeta. Muri byo, ihame ry’imikorere ya DFB Laser na DBR single-frequency fiber lasers risa n’irya DFB na DBR semiconductor lasers.

(3)Laser yo mu rwego rwo hejuru

Mu 1960, laser ya mbere ku isi ya rubi yari laser ya solid-state, irangwa n'ingufu nyinshi zisohoka n'uburebure bwagutse bw'umuraba. Imiterere yihariye ya laser ya solid-state ituma irushaho koroha mu gushushanya umuvuduko w'ubugari bw'umurongo muto. Kuri ubu, uburyo bw'ingenzi bwashyizwe mu bikorwa burimo uburyo bw'ubugari bugufi, uburyo bw'impande imwe, uburyo busanzwe bwo mu cyuho, uburyo bwo gufunga uruziga, uburyo bwo gukata uruziga mu buryo bwa Bragg, n'uburyo bwo gutera imbuto.