Niki PIN ifotora

Niki aPIN ifotora

Photodetector mubyukuri irakomeye cyaneicyuma gifotoraihindura urumuri mumashanyarazi ukoresheje ingaruka zamafoto. Ibyingenzi byingenzi ni Photodiode (PD Photodetector). Ubwoko busanzwe bugizwe na PN ihuza, iyobora electrode iyobora hamwe nigituba. Ifite icyerekezo kimwe. Iyo voltage yimbere ikoreshwa, diode ikora; iyo voltage ihindagurika ikoreshwa, diode irahagarara. PD Photodetector isa na diode isanzwe ya semiconductor, usibye koPD ifotoraikora munsi ya voltage kandi irashobora kugaragara. Yapakiwe mu idirishya cyangwa optique ya fibre optique, ituma urumuri rugera kumafoto yibikoresho.

Hagati aho, ibice bikoreshwa cyane muri PD Photodetector ntabwo ari ihuriro rya PN ahubwo ni PIN. Ugereranije na PN ihuza, PIN ihuza ifite inyongera ya I hagati. I layer ni urwego rwa N-semiconductor hamwe na doping nkeya cyane. Kuberako ari hafi ya semiconductor ya Intrinsic ifite intumbero nkeya, yitwa I layer. Igice cya I ni kinini cyane kandi gifata akarere kose. Umubare munini wibyabaye fotone byinjizwa murwego rwa I hanyuma bikabyara electron-umwobo (abatwara amafoto). Ku mpande zombi za I layer ni P-ubwoko na N-semiconductor hamwe na doping nyinshi cyane. Ibice bya P na N biroroshye cyane, bikurura igice gito cyane cya fotone yibyabaye kandi bikabyara umubare muto wabatwara amafoto. Iyi miterere irashobora kwihutisha cyane umuvuduko wibisubizo byingaruka zamafoto. Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, akarere kagabanutse cyane bizongera igihe cyo gutwarwa nabatwara amafoto mu karere ka depletion, ahubwo biganisha ku gutinda buhoro. Kubwibyo, ubugari bwakarere ka depletion bugomba guhitamo neza. Umuvuduko wo gusubiza diode ya PIN irashobora guhinduka mugucunga ubugari bwakarere ka depletion.

PIN Photodetector ni disiketi ihanitse cyane yerekana imishwarara kandi ikemura neza. Irashobora gupima neza ubwoko butandukanye bwingufu zimirasire kandi ikagera kubisubizo byihuse nibikorwa bihamye. Igikorwa cyagufotorani uguhindura ibimenyetso bibiri byumucyo nyuma yo gukubitwa inshuro zikoreshwa mumashanyarazi, gukuraho urusaku rwinshi rwinshi rwumucyo wa oscillator waho, kuzamura ibimenyetso byigihe gito, no kunoza igipimo cy-urusaku. PIN ifotora yerekana imiterere yoroshye, koroshya imikoreshereze, ibyiyumvo byinshi, inyungu nyinshi, umuvuduko mwinshi, urusaku ruke, nubushobozi bukomeye bwo kurwanya kwivanga. Barashobora gukora neza mubidukikije bitandukanye kandi bikoreshwa cyane mugupima umuyaga lidar ibimenyetso byerekana.