Laser yihuta cyane ni iki?

A. Igitekerezo cya laser yihuta cyane

Laser zikora vuba cyane akenshi zigira laser zikora vuba cyane zikoreshwa mu gutanga pulses ngufi cyane, urugero, pulses z'igihe cya femtosecond cyangwa picosecond. Izina ryizewe ryaba laser zikora vuba cyane. Laser zikora vuba cyane ni laser zikora vuba cyane, ariko ingaruka zo guhindura imiterere y'umubiri zishobora no gutanga pulses ngufi cyane.

B. Ubwoko bwa laser yihuta cyane

1. Lazeri ya Ti-sapphire, ubusanzwe ifunze neza muri Kerr lens mode, ishobora gukora pulses ngufi nka 5 fs mu gihe cy'amajwi. Ingufu zayo zikoreshwa mu gutanga ubusanzwe ni milliwatts amagana make, hamwe n'umuvuduko wo gusubiramo kwa 80MHz n'amasegonda icumi ya femto cyangwa munsi yayo, hamwe n'igihe cyo gusohora kwa pulse cya ten ya femtosecond cyangwa munsi yayo, bigatuma habaho imbaraga nyinshi cyane. Ariko lazeri ya titanium-sapphire ikenera urumuri ruturutse kuri lazeri zimwe na zimwe z'urumuri rw'icyatsi kibisi, ibyo bigatuma zirushaho kuba ndende kandi zihenze.

2. Hariho laser zitandukanye zikoresha diode-pomped zishingiye, urugero, kuri ytterbium-doped (crystal cyangwa glass) cyangwa chromium-doped laser crystals, zikunze gukoresha SESAM passive mode-locking. Nubwo igihe cyo gutera kwa laser zikoresha diode-pomped atari gito nk'igihe cyo gutera kwa laser za titanium-saphire, laser zikoresha diode-pomped zishobora gukwirakwira mu gace kanini k'ibipimo mu bijyanye n'igihe cyo gutera kwa pulse, igipimo cyo gusubiramo kwa pulse, n'imbaraga mpuzandengo (reba hepfo).

3. Fiber lasers zishingiye ku migozi y'ibirahure irimo ibintu by'ubutaka bidasanzwe zishobora no gushyirwa mu buryo butunguranye, urugero, hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kuzunguruka bwa polarization butari umurongo cyangwa SESAM. Zifite aho zigarukira kurusha bulk lasers mu bijyanye n'imbaraga zisanzwe, cyane cyane imbaraga zo hejuru, ariko zishobora guhuzwa byoroshye na fiber amplifiers. Ingingo ivuga kuri mode-locked fiber lasers itanga ibisobanuro birambuye.

(4) laser za diode zifunguye mu buryo busanzwe zishobora kuba ibikoresho by’ingenzi cyangwa laser za diode zo hanze, kandi zishobora kuba zikora, zidakora cyangwa zivanze. Ubusanzwe, laser za diode zifunguye mu buryo busanzwe zikora ku gipimo cyo gusubiramo kw'amapilo kiri hejuru (megahertz ibihumbi byinshi) ku ngufu ziciriritse z'amapilo.

Oscillators za laser zihuta cyane zishobora kuba igice cya sisitemu za laser zihuta cyane, zishobora kandi kuba zirimo amplifier ihuta cyane (nk'amplifier ya fiber optique) kugira ngo zongere imbaraga z'ikirenga n'imbaraga mpuzandengo z'umusaruro.