Igitekerezo cya optique ihuriweho cyashyizwe ahagaragara na Dr. Miller wo muri Laboratwari ya Bell mu 1969. Integrated optics ni ingingo nshya yiga kandi igateza imbere ibikoresho bya optique hamwe na sisitemu ya elegitoroniki y’ibikoresho bya elegitoronike ikoresheje uburyo bwahujwe bushingiye kuri optoelectronics na microelectronics.Ishimikiro rya optique ihuriweho na optique hamwe na optoelectronics, irimo optique ya optique hamwe namakuru ya optique, optique idafite umurongo, optique ya semiconductor optique, optique ya kristu optique, optique ya firime optique, iyobora imiyoboro ya optique, uburyo bwahujwe hamwe nuburyo bwo guhuza ibitekerezo, ibikoresho bya firime ntoya ya optique.Ishingiro ryikoranabuhanga ahanini ni tekinoroji ya firime yoroheje na tekinoroji ya microelectronics.Umwanya wo gukoresha optique ihuriweho ni mugari cyane, usibye itumanaho rya fibre optique, tekinoroji ya fibre optique, gutunganya amakuru ya optique, mudasobwa ya optique hamwe nububiko bwa optique, hari izindi nzego, nkubushakashatsi bwa siyanse yibikoresho, ibikoresho bya optique, ubushakashatsi bwerekana.
Ubwa mbere, guhuza ibyiza bya optique
1. Gereranya na sisitemu yububiko bwa optique
Igikoresho cya optique ni ubwoko bwibikoresho bya optique byashyizwe kumurongo munini cyangwa shingiro rya optique kugirango bibe sisitemu ya optique.Ingano ya sisitemu iri kuri gahunda ya 1m2, n'ubugari bwibiti bingana na 1cm.Usibye ubunini bwayo, guterana no guhinduka nabyo biragoye.Sisitemu ihuriweho na optique ifite ibyiza bikurikira:
1. Imiraba yoroheje ikwirakwiza muri optique ya optique, kandi imiraba yumucyo iroroshye kugenzura no kubungabunga imbaraga zayo.
2. Kwishyira hamwe bizana imyanya ihamye.Nkuko byavuzwe haruguru, optique ihuriweho iteganya gukora ibikoresho byinshi kuri substrate imwe, kubwibyo rero ntakibazo cyo guterana disiki ya optique ifite, kugirango ihuriro rishobora kuba rihamye, kuburyo rishobora no guhuzwa nibintu bidukikije nko kunyeganyega nubushyuhe .
(3) Ingano yigikoresho nuburebure bwimikoranire bigufi;Ibyuma bya elegitoroniki bifitanye isano nabyo bikora kuri voltage yo hasi.
4. Ubucucike bukabije.Umucyo woherejwe kumurongo wamazi ugarukira kumwanya muto waho, bikavamo ingufu nyinshi za optique, byoroshye kugera kubikoresho nkenerwa bikoreshwa kandi bigakorana ningaruka zidafite umurongo.
5. optique ihuriweho muri rusange ihuriweho na santimetero-nini ya substrate, ikaba ntoya mubunini n'umucyo muburemere.
2. Gereranya numuzunguruko uhuriweho
Ibyiza byo guhuza optique birashobora kugabanywamo ibice bibiri, kimwe ni ugusimbuza sisitemu ya elegitoronike ihuriweho (sisitemu yumuzingi) hamwe na sisitemu ihuriweho na optique (optique optique);Ibindi bifitanye isano na fibre optique na dielectric indege optique waveguide iyobora urumuri rwumucyo aho kuba insinga cyangwa umugozi wa coaxial kugirango wohereze ibimenyetso.
Mu nzira ihuriweho na optique, ibintu bya optique bikozwe kuri wafer substrate kandi bigahuzwa na optique ya optique ikorwa imbere cyangwa hejuru yubutaka.Inzira ihuriweho na optique, ihuza ibintu bya optique kumurongo umwe muburyo bwa firime yoroheje, ninzira yingenzi yo gukemura miniaturizasi ya sisitemu yambere ya optique no kunoza imikorere muri rusange.Igikoresho cyahujwe gifite ibyiza byubunini buto, butajegajega kandi bwizewe, gukora neza, gukoresha ingufu nke no gukoresha byoroshye.
Muri rusange, ibyiza byo gusimbuza imiyoboro ihuriweho hamwe na optique ya optique ihuriweho harimo kwiyongera kwagutse, kugabana umurongo wikurikiranya kugwiza, guhinduranya ibintu byinshi, gutakaza bito bito, ingano ntoya, uburemere buke, gukoresha ingufu nke, ubukungu bwiza bwo gutegura icyiciro, no kwizerwa cyane.Bitewe n'imikoranire itandukanye iri hagati yumucyo nibintu, imikorere mishya yibikoresho irashobora kandi kugerwaho hifashishijwe ingaruka zitandukanye zifatika nkingaruka zamafoto yumuriro, ingaruka za electro-optique, ingaruka za acousto-optique, ingaruka za magneto-optique, ingaruka za thermo-optique nibindi muri ibice byinzira ihuriweho.
2. Ubushakashatsi no gushyira mubikorwa optique ihuriweho
Optics ihuriweho ikoreshwa cyane mubice bitandukanye nkinganda, igisirikare nubukungu, ariko ikoreshwa cyane mubice bikurikira:
1. Itumanaho hamwe numuyoboro mwiza
Ibikoresho bifatanyirijwe hamwe nibikoresho byingenzi kugirango umenye umuvuduko mwinshi hamwe nubushobozi bunini bwitumanaho rya optique, harimo igisubizo cyihuta cyihuta cyahujwe nisoko ya laser, umurongo wa waveguide grating array dense yumurambararo wigice multiplexer, umurongo mugari woguhuza fotodetektor, guhinduranya umurongo wumurongo wihuta, guhuza byihuse matrix, igihombo gito cyinshi cyinjira kumurongo wigice nibindi.
2. Mudasobwa ya Photonic
Mudasobwa yitwa Photon mudasobwa ni mudasobwa ikoresha urumuri nkuburyo bwo kohereza amakuru.Fotone ni bosons, idafite umuriro w'amashanyarazi, kandi urumuri rworoshye rushobora kunyura hejuru cyangwa kwambuka bitagize ingaruka kuri mugenzi we, ufite ubushobozi buvukana bwo gutunganya ibintu byinshi.Mudasobwa ya Photonic ifite kandi ibyiza byububiko bunini bwo kubika amakuru, ubushobozi bukomeye bwo kurwanya-kwivanga, ibisabwa bike kubidukikije, no kwihanganira amakosa.Ibyingenzi byingenzi bigize mudasobwa ya fotonike ihuriweho na optique ya optique hamwe nibikoresho bya optique bihuza.
3. Ibindi bikorwa, nka optique yamakuru atunganya, fibre optique sensor, fibre grating sensor, fibre optique giroscope, nibindi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jun-28-2023