Ihame ry'imikorere ya laser ya semiconductor

Ihame ry'imikorere ryalaser ya semiconductor

Mbere na mbere, ibisabwa ku bipimo bya laser za semiconductor birashyirwa ahagaragara, cyane cyane harimo ibi bikurikira:
1. Imikorere y'amashanyarazi: harimo igipimo cyo kuzimira, ubugari bw'umurongo uhindagurika n'ibindi bipimo, ibi bipimo bigira ingaruka zitaziguye ku mikorere ya laser za semiconductor mu buryo bw'itumanaho.
2. Ibipimo by'imiterere: nk'ingano n'imiterere by'urumuri, ibisobanuro by'iherezo ry'ikoreshwa ry'ibikoresho, ingano y'ishyirwaho n'ingano y'imiterere y'ibikoresho.
3. Uburebure bw'urumuri: Ingano y'urumuri rwa laser ya semiconductor ni 650 ~ 1650nm, kandi ubuziranenge ni bwinshi.
4. Umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi (Ith) n'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi (lop): Ibi bipimo bigena imiterere y'imikorere ya laser ya semiconductor.
5. Ingufu n'amashanyarazi: Mu gupima imbaraga, ingufu n'amashanyarazi bya laser ya semiconductor ikora, imiyoboro ya PV, PI na IV ishobora gukururwa kugira ngo humve imiterere y'imikorere yayo.

Ihame ry'imikorere
1. Imiterere y'ingufu: Ikwirakwizwa ry'ibitwara umuriro mu gice cy'amashanyarazi (akarere gakora) rirashyirwaho. Muri semiconductor, ingufu za elektroni zigaragazwa n'urukurikirane rw'ingufu hafi ya zose. Kubwibyo, umubare wa elektroni ziri munsi y'umurongo wo kuyobora mu rwego rw'ingufu nyinshi ugomba kuba munini cyane kuruta umubare w'imyobo iri hejuru y'umurongo wo kuyobora mu rwego rw'ingufu nke hagati y'uturere tubiri tw'ingufu kugira ngo umubare w'ibice bigere ku ihinduka. Ibi bigerwaho hakoreshejwe uburyo bwiza bwo guhuza cyangwa guhuza ibice no gushyiramo ibikoresho bikenewe mu rwego rw'ihinduka kugira ngo electroni ziva mu murongo wo hasi w'ingufu zijya mu murongo wo kuyobora ingufu nyinshi. Iyo umubare munini wa elektroni mu rwego rw'ibice bihinduka bihuye n'imyobo, ibyuka bitera imbaraga bibaho.
2. Kugira ngo imirasire ikora neza ikoresheje imbaraga, imirasire ikora imbaraga igomba kongera gukoreshwa inshuro nyinshi muri resonator y'urumuri kugira ngo hakorwe oscillation ya laser, resonator ya laser ikorwa n'ubuso bw'urumuri bwa kristu ya semiconductor nk'indorerwamo, akenshi ishyirwa ku mpera y'urumuri hamwe na filime ya dielectric ifite urumuri rwinshi, kandi ubuso bworoshye bushyirwamo filime ya reflection nto. Kuri filime ya semiconductor ya Fp cavity (Fabry-Perot cavity), FP cavity ishobora gukorwa byoroshye hakoreshejwe plane karemano ya clavage igororotse ku murongo wa pn wa kristu.
(3) Kugira ngo habeho ubwiyongere buhamye, icyuma cya laser kigomba kuba gishobora gutanga inyungu ihagije yo kwishyura igihombo cy’urumuri giterwa na resonator n’igihombo giterwa n’umusaruro wa laser uturutse ku buso bw’urumuri, kandi kigakomeza kongera urumuri mu busitani. Ibi bigomba kuba bifite imbaraga zihagije zo gutera, ni ukuvuga ko hari uburyo buhagije bwo guhindura umubare w’uduce, uko urugero rwo guhindura umubare w’uduce rurushaho kuba rwinshi, ni ko inyungu iba nyinshi, ni ukuvuga ko ibisabwa bigomba kuzuza imiterere runaka y’umusaruro. Iyo laser igeze ku busitani, urumuri rufite uburebure bw’umurambararo runaka rushobora kumvikana mu busitani no kongera imbaraga, hanyuma amaherezo rugakora laser n’umusaruro uhoraho.

Ibisabwa mu mikorere
1. Uburyo bwo guhindura ingano n'umuvuduko: laser za semiconductor n'ikoranabuhanga ryazo ryo guhindura ingano ni ingenzi mu itumanaho rikoresha insinga, kandi uburyo bwo guhindura ingano n'umuvuduko bigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku ireme ry'itumanaho. Laser ikoresha insinga (Imbere mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga)laser ikoresha uburyo butaziguye) ikwiriye amashami atandukanye mu itumanaho rya fibre optique kubera ko itwara umuvuduko mwinshi kandi ihendutse.
2. Imiterere ya Spectral n'imiterere ya modulation: Semiconductor distributed feedback lasers (Lazeri ya DFB) zabaye isoko y'urumuri y'ingenzi mu itumanaho rya fibre optique no mu itumanaho ry'ikirere optique kubera imiterere yazo myiza ya spectral hamwe n'imiterere ya modulation.
3. Ikiguzi n'umusaruro mwinshi: Lazeri zikoresha semiconductor zigomba kugira ibyiza byo gukora ku giciro gito no ku bwinshi kugira ngo zihuze n'ibikenewe mu gukora no gukoresha mu buryo bunini.
4. Ikoreshwa ry'ingufu n'ubwirinzi: Mu bihe by'ikoreshwa nk'ahantu ho gukwirakwiza amakuru, laser za semiconductor zisaba ikoreshwa ry'ingufu nke kandi zizewe cyane kugira ngo zikore neza igihe kirekire.